Ukudla ngokuhlukile ngokulwa nenkinga yesimo sezulu | Ingxenye 2 inyama nenhlanzi

nach Teil 1 lapha manje isiqephu sesi-2 sochungechunge lwami mayelana nokudla kwethu enkingeni yesimo sezulu:

Ososayensi bayazibiza "Amaphuzu Amakhulu", ngamanye amagama, amaphuzu abalulekile lapho singenza okuningi ngokulwa nenkinga yesimo sezulu ngaphandle komzamo omncane, ngaphandle kokushintsha kakhulu izimpilo zethu. Lezi izi:

• Ukuhamba (ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, ukuhamba ngezitimela, izithuthi zomphakathi esikhundleni sezimoto nezindiza)
• Ukushisa
• izingubo
• ukudla futhi ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yezilwane, ikakhulukazi inyama.

Kusha ihlathi lemvula ngenxa yendlala yethu yenyama

Uhlu lwezithako nemininingwane yokudla okunempilo kwemikhiqizo eminingi eqediwe ifundwa njengokuxubana okubi kwencwadi yamakhemikhali, ukubhujiswa kwemvelo, amaphupho amabi odokotela nemiyalelo yokukhuluphala: Imikhiqizo eminingi iqukethe ushukela omningi, usawoti omningi, amafutha ezilwane amaningi, namafutha esundu avela emahlathini aseMvula agawuliwe. izindawo nenyama evela ekuzalaneni kwezinkomo ezivamile. Lapho, izikhuluphele zondla izinkomo zazo, izingulube nezinkukhu ngokudla okugxilile, okwezithako zazo Amahlathi emvula ayanyamalala. Ngokusho kwenhlangano evikela imvelo, ngaphezu kokuthathu kokuthathu (69%) kokubhujiswa kwehlathi elinemvula kwenzekaInyama encane, ukushisa okuncane“(Inyama encane, ukushisa okuncane) ngenxa yemboni yenyama. Ihlathi lase-Amazon livumela ikakhulukazi abafuyi bezinkomo nabakhiqizi besoya abacubungula isivuno sabo sibe ifolishi. Amaphesenti angama-90 wezindawo ezingamahlathi nezishisiwe ze-Amazon asetshenziselwa ukulima imfuyo.

Emhlabeni jikelele, ukufuywa kwezilwane sekuvele kubangele cishe amaphesenti ayi-15 wokukhishwa kwegesi engcolisayo eyenziwe ngabantu. EGermany cishe ama-60% endawo yezolimo asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza inyama. Ngaleso sikhathi asikho isikhala sokudla okutshalwe ezitshalweni kokondla abantu.

Izinhlanzi zizophuma kungekudala

Fisch engakholakali njengenye indlela yenyama. Kuncane kakhulu ukulamba kwethu. Izinhlanzi eziyisishiyagalolunye kweziyishumi ezinkulu sezivele zikhishiwe olwandle nasolwandle. Kukhona namanani amakhulu kakhulu okuthiwa yi-by-catch. Lezi izinhlanzi ezibanjwa emanetheni zingasetshenziswanga. Abadobi baziphonsa olwandle futhi - iningi labo lifile. Uma izinto ziqhubeka njengakuqala, izilwandle ngeke zibe nalutho ngo-2048. Izinhlanzi zokudla kwasasawoti zasendle ngeke zisaba khona. Kusukela ngo-2014, amapulazi ezinhlanzi ahlinzeka izinhlanzi eziningi kunezilwandle emhlabeni jikelele.  

Lokhu kwenza ezolimo zasemanzini zisimame kakhulu

Ngisho nezindawo zasemanzini zisenendawo eningi yokwenza ngcono uma kukhulunywa ngokusimama: i-salmon, ngokwesibonelo, iphakelwa kakhulu ngokudla kwezinhlanzi kusuka kwezinye izinhlanzi. Izilwane zihlala endaweni evaliwe - njengezinkomo nezingulube ekulimeni kwasefemini emhlabeni - futhi zivame ukutheleleka ngezifo ezithathelwanayo. Ukugcina lokhu kubhekiwe, abalimi bondla izinhlanzi zabo ngemithi elwa namagciwane, esiyidlayo nayo. Umphumela: ama-antibiotic amaningi awasasebenzi kubantu ngoba amagciwane asekwazile ukumelana nawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indle yezinhlanzi ezifuywayo igcwalisa kakhulu amanzi azungezile. Ibhalansi yemvelo ingcono ngamapulazi ezinhlanzi eziphilayo. Labo abanamathela emithethweni yezinhlangano zokulima eziphilayo, ngokwesibonelo - njengasemapulazini aphilayo - bavunyelwe kuphela ukunikeza ama-antibiotic ezilwaneni ezigula ngempela.

Ngemuva kwe- Ukuphenya nge-Öko-Institut Amaphesenti amabili kuphela ezinhlanzi ezidliwayo eJalimane ezivela e-aquaculture yendawo. Lokhu kuletha amathani ezinhlanzi angama-20.000 2018 minyaka yonke. Ababhali batusa izinhlanzi ezivela ekuzaleni kwasendaweni, ikakhulukazi i-carp ne-trout, ezingondliwe ngokudla kwezinhlanzi. Abalimi bezinhlanzi kufanele basebenzise imijikelezo yamanzi evaliwe namandla avuselelekayo futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke bondle izilwane zabo ngezinto ezingayilimazi imvelo njenge-microalgae, imbewu yamafutha kanye namaprotheni ezinambuzane. Ngo-XNUMX i Isifundo "Inqubomgomo Yezinhlanzi Ezisimeme Zika-2050" ngezincomo eziningi.

Ukugcoba i-barbecue

I-Vegetarian ne-vegan okwamanje ibhekene nokuqhuma vegan Imikhiqizo. Isabelo somkhiqizi wase-US Beyond Meat ekuqaleni sikhuphuke sisuka kuma-25 saya ngaphezulu kwama-euro angama-200 futhi manje sesilinganiswe cishe kuma-euro angama-115. I- URügenwalder Mill  ibiza imikhiqizo yabo yemifino ngokuthi "umshayeli wokukhula" wenkampani. Ngaphandle kwalezi zibalo, isabelo semakethe semikhiqizo yokudla engenanyama ngokusetshenziswa okuphelele eJalimane kuze kube manje kube ngamaphesenti ama-0,5 kuphela. Imikhuba yokudla ishintsha kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-vegan burger enziwe ngesoya, ukolweni schnitzel, imifino yemifino noma i-lupine Bolognese ingatholakala kuphela ezitolo ezinkulu ezimbalwa. Futhi nomaphi lapho zinikezwa khona, zivame ukubiza. Imikhiqizo iba nenzuzo kuphela ngakho-ke ayibizi lapho ithengiswa ngobuningi. Yilapho ikati liluma khona umsila walo: amanani amancane, amanani aphezulu, ukufunwa okuphansi.

Amaphayona wenguquko elandelayo yokudla nawo abhekene nale nkinga: Basebenzisa izinambuzane esikhundleni senyama evela ezinkomeni, ezinkukhu nasezingulubeni. Ukuqala kweMunich Ikhilikithi ekhohlakele  uqale ukukhiqiza ukudla okulula okuvela kumakhilikithi ngo-2020. Abasunguli bazalela izilwane efulethini labo futhi kungekudala esitsheni esakhiweni se "Isisebenzi sesitimela iTiel“, Isiko nesikhungo sokuqalisa esakhiweni sangaphambili sendawo yokuhlabela. Cishe izinhlobo zezinambuzane ezingama-2.000 XNUMX, kufaka phakathi amakhilikithi, iminyundu kanye nentethe, zilungele umsoco womuntu. Banikela ngamaprotheni amaningi kakhulu, ifayibha yokudla, amavithamini, amaminerali kanye namafutha angenashukela ikhilogremu ye-biomass kunenyama noma inhlanzi, ngokwesibonelo. Isibonelo, amakhilikithi aqukethe insimbi ephindwe kabili kunenkomo. 

Isinengiso siyisihlobo

Okubonakala kungathandeki noma kunyanyisa abantu baseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika kuyinto ejwayelekile emazweni amaningi ase-Afrika, eLatin America noma eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Ngokwe-United Nations Food Organisation i-FAO, abantu abayizigidigidi ezimbili emhlabeni jikelele badla izinambuzane njalo. I-FAO incoma izilwane njengokudla okunempilo nokuphephile. Ngokuphambene nezilwane ezincelisayo, amathuba okuthi abantu bangatheleleka ngezifo ezithathelwanayo ngokudla abakhasayo aphansi kakhulu. Njengezinye izifo eziwubhadane, ubhadane lwe-corona lubizwa nge-zoonosis. Igciwane lesandulela ngculaza i-SARS Cov2 selisabalale kusukela ezilwaneni ezincelisayo laya kubantu. Lapho sibeka umkhawulo ngokwengeziwe endaweni yokuhlala izilwane zasendle futhi size sizidle, kulapho isintu sizobamba khona kakhulu ubhadane lwezifo olusha. Amacala okuqala e-Ebola enzeka eNtshonalanga Afrika ngemuva kokuba abantu bedle izinkawu lapho.

Umakhelwane olambile njengomzimba womlimi onenzuzo

Izinambuzane ezidliwayo zishibhile futhi kulula ukuzifuya uma kuqhathaniswa nezinkomo, izinkukhu noma izingulube. Inkampani yokuqala isebenza eRotterdam, eNetherlands UDe Krekerij ngokuhlanganyela nabalimi abaguqula isibaya sabo sezinkomo sibe yizinyendle nezinkumbi. Bona inkinga Umsunguli uSander Peltenburg ngaphezu kwakho konke, ekwenzeni ama-burger ezinambuzane zabantu abe mnandi futhi uwafake ezitolo ezinkulu. Uyizama ngempumelelo ekhulayo ngabapheki abaphezulu abakhonza izivakashi ezinokuqonda, ezimagange amakhono amasha ezindaweni zokudlela ezinhle. Amabhola ezinambuzane asePeltenburg anambitha u-nutty omncane, oqinile futhi oqinile osuka kufryer ejulile. Zisikhumbuza ngandlela thile i-falafel.

Imvelo nesimo sezulu bekungazuza uma besingadla izinambuzane esikhundleni senyama: Isibonelo, ikhilogremu elilodwa lenyama yekhilikithi lidinga u-1,7 kg wokuphakelayo, ne-1 kg yenkomo ephindwe kashumi nambili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilinganiso esingamaphesenti angama-80 sesinambuzane singadliwa. Ngezinkomo zingamaphesenti angama-40 kuphela. Isibonelo, izinkumbi nazo zenza kangcono kakhulu kunezinkomo uma kukhulunywa ngokusetshenziswa kwamanzi. Ngekhilogremu elilodwa lenkomo udinga amalitha amanzi angama-22.000, nge-1 kg yentethe 2.500. 

EMpumalanga ye-Afrika, abantu baqoqa izintethe zabo emaphandleni futhi ngaleyo ndlela basize abalimi ukuthi bazivikele ekucekelweni phansi emasimini. Umzimba ozuzisayo emkhakheni ungumakhelwane olambile lapha. Ezinye izinzuzo: Izinambuzane zikhula kahle kakhulu endaweni evaliwe. Ngakho-ke isikhala esincane siyadingeka ngisho nangamanani amakhulu. Abakhasayo abakhiqizi umquba oketshezi okumele usatshalaliswe emasimini ukulimaza amanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Isimo sezulu siyazuza ngokuthi, ngokungafani nezinkomo, izinambuzane azikhiphi i-methane. Ukuthuthwa kwezilwane nokusebenza kwamadela nakho kuyasuswa. Izinambuzane zifa zodwa uma uzipholisa.

Ingxenye 3: Ipulasitiki enhle: izikhukhula zemfucumfucu yokupakisha, iyeza maduze