Londoloza ezolimo: yenze ibe luhlaza

nguRobert B. Fishman

Ezolimo kufanele zisimame kakhulu, zilondoloze imvelo futhi zilungele nesimo sezulu. Akuhluleki ngenxa yemali, kunalokho kungenxa yethonya lama-lobbyists kanye nezepolitiki eziyingozi.

Ekupheleni kukaMeyi, izingxoxo ngenqubomgomo ejwayelekile yezolimo yaseYurophu (i-CAP) zehlulekile futhi. Njalo ngonyaka i-European Union (i-EU) ixhasa ezolimo ngama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-60. Kulokhu, cishe u-6,3 billion ugelezela eJalimane minyaka yonke. Isakhamuzi ngasinye se-EU sikhokha cishe ama-euro ayi-114 ngonyaka ngalokhu. Phakathi kwamaphesenti angama-70 kuya kwangama-80 ezibonelelo ziya ngqo kubalimi. Inkokhelo isuselwa endaweni lapho ipulazi lilima khona. Okwenziwa ngabalimi ezweni akubalulekile. Okubizwa nge- "Eco-Schemes" yizimpikiswano eziyinhloko ezisaphikiswa manje. Lezi izibonelelo abalimi okufanele nazo bazithole ngezinyathelo zokuvikela isimo sezulu kanye nemvelo. IPhalamende lase-Europe lifuna ukubekela okungenani u-30% wemixhaso yezolimo ye-EU ngalokhu. Iningi longqongqoshe bezolimo liyaphikisana nalo. Sidinga ezolimo ezilungele isimo sezulu. Okungenani ingxenye yesihlanu kuya kweyesine yokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa komhlaba kubangelwa imisebenzi yezolimo.

Izindleko zangaphandle

Ukudla kubonakala kushibhile eJalimane. Amanani entengo yokuphuma esitolo afihla ingxenye enkulu yezindleko zokudla kwethu. Sonke sibakhokhela ngezintela zethu, imali kadoti kanye nezinye izikweletu eziningi. Esinye isizathu ukulima okuvamile. Lokhu kuvundisa ngokweqile inhlabathi ngomanyolo wezimbiwa kanye nomquba oketshezi, izinsalela zazo ezingcolisa imifula, amachibi namanzi angaphansi komhlaba ezifundeni eziningi. Imisebenzi yezamanzi kufanele ijule ijule futhi ijule ukuze ithole amanzi okuphuza ahlanzeke kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinsalela ezinobuthi obulimekayo ekudleni, amandla adingekayo ukukhiqiza umanyolo wokufakelwa, izinsalela zama-antibiotic kusuka ekunongeni kwezilwane ezingena emanzini angaphansi komhlaba nezinye izinto eziningi ezilimaza abantu nemvelo. Ukungcola okuphezulu kwe-nitrate kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kuphela kubangela ukulimala cishe kwama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyishumi eJalimane minyaka yonke.

Izindleko zangempela zokulima

I-UN World Food Organisation (i-FAO) ifaka izindleko zokulandelwa kwemvelo kwezolimo emhlabeni wonke ezibalelwa ku-2,1 trillion US dollars. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindleko zomphakathi zokulandelela ezibalelwa kuma-2,7 trillion amadola aseMelika, ngokwesibonelo ekwelapheni abantu abazifake ngobuthi ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane. Ososayensi baseBrithani babalile ocwaningweni lwabo lwe- "True Cost": Ku-euro ngayinye abantu abayichitha ukuthenga ezitolo ezinkulu, kungaba nezindleko zangaphandle ezifihliwe zenye i-euro.

Ukulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nokufa kwezinambuzane kubiza kakhulu. EYurophu kuphela, izinyosi zithutha impova ezitshalweni ezibiza ama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-65.

"Okwemvelo" empeleni akubizi ngaphezu "kokuvamile"

"Ucwaningo olwenziwe yi-Sustainable Food Trust kanye nezibalo zezinye izikhungo lukhombisa ukuthi ukudla okuningi okungokwemvelo kushibhile kunokukhiqizwa ngokujwayelekile uma ubheka izindleko zangempela," kubhala iFederal Center ye-BZfE kuwebhusayithi yayo, ngokwesibonelo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abamele imboni yokudla kwezolimo, bathi umhlaba awukwazi ukusuthiswa yizithelo zokulima ngokwemvelo. Lokho akulungile. Namuhla, ukudla kwezilwane kuyakhula noma izinkomo, izimvu noma izingulube zidla cishe amaphesenti angama-70 omhlaba osetshenziselwa ezolimo emhlabeni wonke. Ukube umuntu ubengatshala ukudla okutshalwe emasimini afanele lokhu, futhi uma isintu sikulahla ukudla okuncane (namuhla cishe nge-1/3 yomkhiqizo womhlaba), abalimi bemvelo bangasondla isintu.

Inkinga: Kuze kube manje, akekho noyedwa okhokhele abalimi inani elengeziwe abalikhiqizela ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo, imijikelezo yemvelo kanye nesifunda sabo. Kunzima ukubala lokhu ngama-euro namasenti. Akunamuntu ongasho ngqo ukuthi angakanani amanzi ahlanzekile, umoya ohlanzekile nokudla okunempilo okufanelekile. I-Regionalwert AG eFreiburg yethule inqubo yalokhu nge “accounting performance performance” ekwindla edlule. Use Iwebhusayithi  abalimi bangafaka imininingwane yabo epulazini. Ziyi-130 izinkomba zokusebenza ezibalulekile ezivela ezigabeni eziyisikhombisa ezirekhodiwe. Ngenxa yalokhu, abalimi bafunda ukuthi bakha inani elingakanani elingeziwe abalakhelayo, ngokwesibonelo ngokuqeqesha abantu abasha, bakhe imichilo yezinambuzane noma ukugcina ukuzala kwenhlabathi ngokulima ngokucophelela.

Uhamba ngezinye izindlela Ukubambisana kwenhlabathi

Ithenga umhlaba namapulazi kumadiphozithi wamalungu ayo, ewaqashisa kubalimi bemvelo. Inkinga: Ezifundeni eziningi, umhlaba olimekayo manje usubiza kakhulu kangangokuba amapulazi amancane nongoti abasha abakwazi ukuwuthenga. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, ezolimo ezivamile zinenzuzo kuphela emapulazini amakhulu. Ngo-1950 kwakunamapulazi ayizigidi eziyi-1,6 eJalimane. Ku-2018 bekusekhona cishe ama-267.000. Eminyakeni eyishumi eyedlule kuphela, wonke umfama wobisi wesithathu useyekile.

Izikhuthazo ezingalungile

Abalimi abaningi bazophatha umhlaba wabo ngendlela ezinakekela kakhulu imvelo kanye nesimo sezulu uma bengathola imali ngawo. Kodwa-ke, ngabaprosesa abambalwa kuphela abathenga ingxenye enkulu kakhulu yesivuno, abathi ngenxa yokushoda kwezinye izindlela, abangaletha kuphela imikhiqizo yabo kumaketanga amakhulu okudla: i-Edeka, i-Aldi, i-Lidl ne-Rewe yibo abakhulu kunabo bonke. Balwa nokuncintisana kwabo ngamanani okuncintisana. Amaketanga okuthengisa adlulisa ingcindezi yamanani kubaphakeli bawo nakulabo abalimi. Isibonelo, ngo-Ephreli, ama-dairie amakhulu eWestphalia akhokhela abalimi amasenti angama-29,7 nje ngelitha. "Asikwazi ukukhiqizela lokho," kusho umlimi uDennis Strothlüke eBielefeld. Kungakho ejoyine inkampani yokubambisana yezentengiso eqondile Imakethe yamaviki onke24 kuxhunyiwe. Ezifundeni eziningi zaseJalimane, abathengi bathenga online ngqo kubalimi. Inkampani yezimpahla iletha izimpahla emnyango wekhasimende ngobusuku obulandelayo. Basebenza ngendlela efanayo Umthandi wemakethe . Lapha futhi, abathengi ba-oda ngqo ku-inthanethi kubalimi besifunda sabo. Lokhu-ke kuletha usuku olunqunyiwe endaweni yokudlulisa, lapho amakhasimende alanda khona izimpahla zawo. Inzuzo yabalimi: Bathola amanani aphakeme kakhulu ngaphandle kokuthi abathengi bakhokhe imali engaphezu kwaleyo abebezoyidayisa. Ngoba abalimi bakhiqiza kuphela futhi bahambise lokho oku-odwe ngaphambili, okuncane kuyalahlwa.

Osopolitiki kuphela abangenza umnikelo wokuthatha isinqumo esinqumayo kwezolimo ezisimeme ngokwengeziwe: Kufanele banciphise imixhaso yabo kusuka emalini yabakhokhi bentela iye ezindleleni zokulima ezinobungani bemvelo nezemvelo. Njenganoma yiliphi ibhizinisi, amapulazi akhiqiza okubathembisa inzuzo ephezulu kakhulu.