Izazi zezomnotho uKemfert, Stagl: Kungenziwa futhi ngaphandle kukawoyela negesi yaseRussia

nguMartin Auer

"IYurophu ingakwazi ukuvikela ukunikezwa kwamandla ngisho nangaphandle kwemithombo yamandla yaseRussia ", kuchaza UProfesa Claudia Kemfert, Inhloko yoMnyango Wezamandla, Ezokuthutha Nezemvelo e-German Institute for Economic Research esithangamini nabezindaba ngoLwesine. “Lokhu kungafezwa ngonxantathu: ukuhlukahluka kwezinto ezithengwayo ezivela kwamanye amazwe, ukonga amandla kanye nokwandiswa okuphoqelelwe kwamandla avuselelekayo. Inkinga ekhona manje kumele ibe yisiqalo se-Green Deal esheshisiwe emandleni avuselelekayo. "

isazi sezomnotho USolwazi Sigrid Stagl, Inhloko ye-Competence Centre Sustainability Transformation and Responsibility (STAR) e-WU Vienna, iqinisekisile: “Uguquko lwamandla olusheshayo luwumzamo wokubambisana ozobonakala uzuzisa umnotho esikhathini eside. Ukushintshela ezintweni ezivuselelekayo kuwufanele umnotho”

Impi yase-Ukraine ikhombisa ukuthi kuphuthuma kangakanani uguquko lwamandla

Umhlangano nabezindaba uhlelwe yiScientists for Future Austria kanye neDiskurs-Das Wissenschaftsnetzwerk. Nakuba ukuhlasela kweRussia e-Ukraine kudalule ukuncika kwethu nokuba sengozini kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi, kade kunesidingo soshintsho lwangempela lwamandla. Ukuvikelwa kwesimo sezulu akudingi kuphela ukuphuma kuwoyela negesi yaseRussia, kodwa ukuvalelisa uwoyela negesi ngokuphelele. Futhi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukuphepha kwezinhlelo zokuhlinzeka kufanele kuthuthukiswe

UKemfert, ophinde abe nguprofesa wezomnotho wamandla eNyuvesi yaseLeuphana eLüneburg futhi ehileleke ku-Scientists for Future, uyaqhubeka: “Njengoba kuxoxiswana ngokuvinjelwa kwamalahle kanye nokwenqatshelwa kukawoyela, i-European Union yandisa ingcindezi eRussia. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukulethwa kwegesi yemvelo yaseRussia nakho kusongelwa, izinhlelo zokuvikeleka kokuhlinzekwa kufanele zenziwe. Futhi ngoba iRussia inganqamula ukunikezwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Ukuqedwa kwamalahle kanye nokuqeda amandla enuzi kusazofezeka

Uma kuziwa kugesi, iJalimane ibonisa ukuthi ngonyaka ozayo we-2023 ukunikezwa kwamandla okuvikelekile kungenzeka ngisho nangaphandle kwemithombo yamandla yaseRussia. Ukuvalwa kwezikhungo zokugcina amandla enuzi ezintathu kungenzeka futhi kufanele kwenzeke njengoba kwakuhleliwe ngoZibandlela wezi-2022, futhi umgomo wesivumelwano sombimbi sokunqanyulwa kwamalahle kusenesikhathi ngowezi-2030 nawo usafezeka.

Isiphelile ngo-2030: Isikhungo sikagesi esisebenza ngamalahle eScholven
Isithombe: Sebastian Schlueter nge Wikimedia, CC BY-SA

Kukhona amandla okonga igesi yemvelo

Endabeni yegesi yemvelo (enezinye izindawo eziningi zokusetshenziswa ngaphezu kokukhiqizwa kukagesi), ukudiliva kwamanye amazwe athumela igesi yemvelo, isb. B. Holland, inxephezelo ingxenye yokuthunyelwa kwe-Russian kwamanye amazwe. Ingqalasizinda yamapayipi neyokugcina ingasetshenziswa ngempumelelo. Ngasohlangothini lwesidingo, kunethuba lokonga lesikhashana elingamaphesenti ayi-19 kuye kwangama-26. Esikhathini esimaphakathi, ukuphushela ekunikezeni ukushisa okuvuselelekayo nokusebenza kahle kwamandla kuyadingeka. Uma ukonga okungenzeka kusetshenziswa kakhulu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukudiliva kwamanye amazwe ahlinzeka ngegesi yemvelo kwandiswa ngangokunokwenzeka ngobuchwepheshe, ukunikezwa kwegesi yemvelo yaseJalimane kuvikelekile ngisho nangaphandle kokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe eRussia kulo nyaka kanye nasebusika obuzayo. 2022/23.

Lawula ingqalasizinda ngendlela efanele futhi ulungise isidingo

Kuyo yonke i-European Union, ukunikezwa kwegesi yemvelo kuze kube manje kuncike kakhulu ekuhlinzekweni okuvela eRussia. Lokhu kuncika bekuphezulu ikakhulukazi eJalimane, e-Italy, e-Austria nakwamanye amazwe amaningi aseMpumalanga naseYurophu Emaphakathi. Nokho, igesi yemvelo ayidlali indima ebalulekile ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke le minotho. Izibalo zemodeli zibonisa ukuthi i-European Union ingakhokhela ingxenye enkulu uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka okuphelele kwegesi yemvelo yaseRussia. Esikhathini esifushane, kugxilwe ekuphathweni ngendlela efanele kwengqalasizinda ekhona, ukuhlukahluka kwezinkontileka zokuthenga kanye nezinyathelo zokulungisa isidingo. Amatheminali e-LNG angaguquki angeke aphumelele ngoba azodala ukukhiya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amatheminali antantayo angasiza.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukulingana komphakathi. Ukwehliswa kwentengo yegesi kungaba nomthelela omubi njengoba bekungeke kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Esikhundleni salokho, kumele kube nokukhushulwa kwemali engenayo yabantu abahola kancane okuqeda izindleko ezikhuphukile.

Sheshisa ukunwetshwa kwezinto ezivuselelekayo

Esikhathini esimaphakathi, ukwandiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo kufanele kusheshiswe kumongo we-EU Green Deal, okuhlanganisa nokuqedwa okufika ngesikhathi kokusetshenziswa kwegesi yemvelo yezinto ezimbiwa phansi, okuzoqinisa nakakhulu ukuphepha kwamandla e-Europe.

I-Stagl: I-Austria ibiphumule isikhathi eside kakhulu

UProf. Sigrid Stagl, ophinde abe yilungu lebhodi lochwepheshe le-Scientists for Future Austria, uyaqhubeka nokugxeka ukulinda kwe-Austria isikhathi eside kakhulu:

“I-Austria yaphumula isikhathi eside kakhulu esabelweni esiphezulu sezinto ezivuselelekayo ekuphehleni ugesi futhi yenza okuncane kakhulu ukuze (1) ikhulise ingxenye yezinto ezivuselelekayo kugesi kanye (2) nokulahla imithombo yamandla ezinsalela zokushisisa nokuhamba. Ukuze kugcinwe izindleko zezomnotho ziphansi, umuntu kufanele ahlele kusengaphambili, amemezele izinyathelo ngesikhathi esifanele futhi azenze ngokuvumelana nohlelo lwesikhathi eside okuvunyelwene ngalo. Esikhundleni salokho, abenzi bezinqumo base-Austrian bakhethe ukuphindisela emuva ama-levers amakhulu ngethemba lokuthi ohulumeni bakamuva nezizukulwane ezizayo bazobhekana nazo. Ukuhlela isikhathi eside okufika ngesikhathi bekuzonciphisa izindleko zomnotho, njengoba kokubili izimboni kanye nabantu abazimele bebengazihlela izinguquko ngesikhathi esifanele. Ukwenqaba isikhathi eside ukwenza okufanele kusilethe kule nkinga ekhona manje.

Izinombolo azikho

Okwamanje azikho izifundo ezitholakala esidlangalaleni noma izibalo ezingavumela ukulinganisa okunembayo kokuthi i-Austria ingaphuma ngokushesha kangakanani futhi ngaziphi izindleko i-Austria engaphuma kuwoyela negesi yaseRussia. Ngakho-ke, izitatimende eziqondile, ezisekelwe kahle azinakwenzeka, okuyinto eshiya indawo enkulu yokuqagela.

Sebenzisa amandla akhona ngokuphumelelayo

Okuqinisekileyo ukuthi ukuphuma emithonjeni yamandla ezinsalela kudala kuyadingeka e-Austria ukuze kuvikelwe isimo sezulu futhi okwamanje kudingekile ngokuphuthumayo ebunyeni. Ukuhlanganiswa okuphelele kuyadingeka. Ukwethuka akudingekile, kodwa ukuqinisekiswa kuyingozi. Ngeshwa, amandla okukhiqiza kanye nezinhlelo zokufudumeza azikwazi ukushintshwa ukusuka kolunye usuku kuye kolunye. Izinyathelo eziphelele zokonga amandla ezinkampanini, ukwahlukanisa okushisayo kwezakhiwo kanye nezinguquko ekuziphatheni zinomphumela wesikhashana futhi zinamandla amakhulu okunciphisa. Kodwa-ke, kusele isidingo esiyinsalela okufanele siqhamuke kweminye imithombo esikhathini esifushane ukuze sizimele ngaphandle kwemithombo yamandla yaseRussia esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Kunoma yikuphi, ukuhlanganiswa okuphelele kuyadingeka.

Imikhawulo yesivinini kanye nokwehliswa kwethrafikhi ngayinye yonga uwoyela

Ukushintshwa kwamafutha kulula kakhulu e-Austria kunaseJalimane. Kuze kube manje, sithole kuphela u-7% omuhle wokusebenzisa kwethu eRussia. Ingqalasizinda ayinayo inselele ethile uma kuziwa kuwoyela futhi ivumela ukushintshwa ngokushesha kweminye imithombo Ngenxa yezizathu zokuvikela isimo sezulu, amandla okonga (isb. NgokukaNgqongqoshe Wezamandla uGewessler, i-Austria yayeka ukuthenga uwoyela waseRussia ngoMashi.

isithombe se UFeliksi Müller on Pixabay 

Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwingqalasizinda yegesi ewuketshezi kungasibophela kumandla ezinto ezimbiwa phansi isikhathi eside nakakhulu

Isimo segesi siyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, esidinga umbono ohlukile wezindawo ezihlukahlukene zokusetshenziswa kwegesi e-Austria. Ngaphezu kokushisa kwendawo, izindawo zokufaka isicelo zihlanganisa ukupheka, izinqubo zezimboni kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla. Lapha, igesi ingashintshwa kalula futhi ngokushesha ngezindlela ezahlukene.

Igesi ewuketshezi ebizayo nayo ivamise ukwenziwa njengesixazululo sesikhashana sokushintsha igesi yemvelo yaseRussia. Nokho, lokhu kudinga ingqalasizinda entsha yezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi (amatheminali egesi eliwuketshezi) ngaphandle kwase-Austria. Kodwa-ke, ukushintshwa okunjalo ngeke nje kwenyuse amanani entengo kagesi, okungase kushaye amakhaya ampofu kakhulu futhi kube nezinselelo zokuncintisana kwemboni yase-Austrian, kodwa futhi kufanele kwesatshwe ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali kule ndawo kuzobambezela uguquko lwamandla. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi kungakhiwa noma iyiphi ingqalasizinda entsha yegesi namafutha, uma kungenzeka, ukuze kuvinjwe ukuncika kwendlela entsha yezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi.

Isilinganiso esingcono kakhulu ukonga amandla

Nokho, izixazululo ezibizayo zesikhashana ezifana negesi ewuketshezi nazo zithathelwa indawo ngokushesha yimboni. Noma yikuphi ukubambezeleka ekuncishisweni kokukhishwa kwesisi okubangelwa ukukhishwa kwesigaba sikawoyela negesi yase-Russia kufanele kunxeshezelwe ngokushintshwa okusheshiselwe kokuvuselelekayo. Isilinganiso esihle kakhulu esonga amandla futhi sihlala sikhona.

Ugesi oluhlaza wezimboni, ukuhamba, ukupheka nokushisisa

Esikhathini esimaphakathi, amaphesenti ayi-100 okuphakelwa kukagesi azovela emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni, ukuhamba, ukupheka kanye nokushisisa kushintshelwa kubuchwepheshe obusekelwe kugesi. Ngokomnotho, lokhu kuguqulwa bekulokhu kufiseleka amashumi eminyaka. Ubuchwepheshe obuvuselelekayo manje sebushibhile kangangoba nabo buyathandeka ngokwezomnotho. Kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe, njengokuthi amandla elanga angagcinwa kanjani hhayi kumabhethri ne-hydrogen kuphela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sidinga izinhlaka zomphakathi kanye nezisusa zezomnotho ezenza isenzo esimeme sibe lula futhi sikhange. Okudingekayo ukuncishiswa ngokushesha kwengqikithi yamandla asetshenziswayo ngamaphesenti angu-25 kanye nokwehliswa kokusetshenziswa kwegesi ngamaphesenti angu-25 futhi. Lokhu kumele kwenzeke cishe ngo-2027 noma, ngomzamo omkhulu, ngo-2025. Ukuhlasela kokuqeqeshwa kuyadingeka ukuze kwandiswe inani lochwepheshe abanekhono.

Kufanele futhi ukhulume lapho uhambo luhamba khona: Ngemva kwesigaba somzamo omkhulu, sizoba namanani aphansi kagesi, inani elengeziwe lizohlala ezweni futhi ngeke sincike kakhulu.

Isithombe sekhava: px lapha CC 0