Ukutadisha: ukulima ngokwemvelo kwandisa ukwehluka kwezitshalo ngama-230%

Esivivinyweni sesikhathi eside seminyaka eyishumi, ithimba labacwaningi, eliholwa isikhungo samakhono saseSwitzerland sokucwaninga ngezolimo, i-Agroscope, linqume ngokuhlelekile ukuthi izindlela ezine ezihlukene zokulima ezikulimayo zikuthinta kanjani ukuhambisana kwemvelo, ukukhiqiza kanye nomnotho.

Imiphumela isanda kushicilelwa kumagazini i- “Science Advances”. Nasi isifinyezo sokutholwe okubaluleke kakhulu ekuxhumaneni kwe-Agroscope:

• Izinhlelo zokulima ezilimekayo ngokwemvelo ngokwesilinganiso ziphindwe kabili kunokulungela imvelo njengokulima okuvamile.
• Insimu elinywa ngokwemikhombandlela yemvelo inezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo zezitshalo ezinamaphesenti angama-230 ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi kunezinsimu ezilinywa ngokujwayelekile.
• Amaphesenti angu-90 ngaphezulu kwemisundu etholakale emhlabathini ezindaweni ezingamakhemikhali ngisho nangamaphesenti ayi-150 ngaphezulu ezikhungweni ngaphandle kwamageja.
• Uma kuqhathaniswa nenhlabathi elinywa ngokujwayelekile, ukusetshenziswa okuncishisiwe kwamageja nezinhlobo ezimbili zokutshala eziphilayo kwenza kangcono ngokukhukhula okungamaphesenti angama-46 kuye kwangama-93.

Amandla wokuthuthuka kwesivuno

"I-Achilles heel" yezolimo ephilayo ikhombisa ngokuya ngesivuno, ngokusho kwabalobi bezocwaningo: "Ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi eside kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulima ngokwemvelo (okulinyiwe nokungafakwanga) akukhiqizi kangako. Izithelo zaziphansi ngokwesilinganiso samaphesenti angama-22 kunezindlela ezijwayelekile zokukhiqiza ngegeja. Esinye sezizathu salokhu ukuvinjelwa komanyolo wokufakelwa kanye nemithi yokubulala izinambuzane eyakhiwe ngamakhemikhali. "

Lo mphumela ungathuthukiswa, ngokwesibonelo, ngokukhulisa ukwanda kwezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingazweli nokuvikelwa kwezitshalo eziphilayo.

Bibhalansi yezinto eziphilayo "ezilinganisiwe"

Kukonke, ochwepheshe bafinyelela esiphethweni esilandelayo: “Ucwaningo lukhombisa: Zonke izinhlelo zokutshala ezine ezihloliwe zinobuhle nobubi. Kodwa-ke, ngokubuka kohlelo, ukulima ngokwemvelo kanye nendlela yokulondoloza inhlabathi yokulima kungalingani ngokuya komkhiqizo nomthelela kwezemvelo. "

Kulolu cwaningo, lezi zindlela ezine zokutshala kuziza ezingaphandle kweZurich zaqhathaniswa: ukulima okuvamile ngegeja, ukulima okuvamile ngaphandle kwegeja (no-till), ukulima nge-organic negeja kanye ne-organic nge-tillage encishisiwe.