UAlexandra Binder
UClara Mayer umangalela iVW. Itshantliziyo lemozulu (20) ikude lee kulo kuphela onoshishino Aboni bemozulu ngoku enkundleni izisa. Ngaba ukuya kweyona jaji iphezulu mhlawumbi kuthathe indawo yeedemos okanye izibongozo kwixesha elizayo? Yaye yintoni kanye kanye esona siphumo silungileyo senkqubo enjalo?
Andizange ndivuke ngenye imini ndizive ndifuna ukumangalela i-VW,” ucacisa ngoko nangoko uClara Mayer. Kodwa ngoku kufuneka kube njalo. Nangona intetho yabo echukumisayo kwintlanganiso yabo yonyaka kunye nemiboniso emininzi, iqela leemoto lisavelisa i-95 pesenti yeenjini zokuvutha ngaphakathi. Ngoku ufuna ukumhlutha le ngubo ihleli ixesha elide. Yilwa ecaleni kwakhe Uxolo oluluhlaza. Akunjalo ngaphandle kwesizathu: "Imalunga namalungelo enkululeko ezizukulwana ezizayo. Njengomntu olwela imozulu oselula, uClara unokuzifuna ngokwakhe,” utshilo uMarion Tiemann.
Eli lityala lokuqala elinjalo eJamani. E-USA, umgaqo wokuthatha inxaxheba kommi osebenzayo kudala udityaniswe namayeza asemthethweni. Sele kukho ngaphezulu kwe-1.000 lamatyala emozulu apho, kunye negama elinye kuwo: ukumangalelwa kwemozulu. EYurophu, olu hlobo lwesimangalo luyaziwa nje ixesha elifutshane ngenxa yokuba lubeke ithoni yomthetho wendalo ixesha elide, utsho ummeli uMarkus Gehring. Ityala le-VW alimangalisi ingcaphephe yomthetho wokusingqongileyo "Ukuba ndiqhubeka nokwakha iinjini zokutsha, nangona zijongene ne-16 yeepesenti yokutshintsha kwemozulu, kufuneka ndithathele ingqalelo uxanduva njengenkampani yabucala," itsho ingcali. kwindawo, ofundisa kungekuphela nje uMhlohli kwiYunivesithi yaseCambridge. Ukwaququzelela iinkomfa zeZiko loMthetho woPhuhliso oluZinzileyo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe (CISDL) ukuze atshintshiselane ngezimvo neengcali zokhuseleko lwemozulu eziphuma kwihlabathi liphela.
I-vibe kufuneka ilungile
Ukuze uphumelele, udinga i-prerequisite. “Isimangalo kufuneka sibonise umoya jikelele eluntwini. Ngapha koko, ngumbandela wokweyisela ijaji ukuba iwutolike ngokuthe ngcembe umgaqo okhoyo womthetho,” utsho uGehring. Oku kunjalo ngoku utshintsho lwemozulu, hayi kancinci enkosi kwi NgoLwesihlanu ngeKamva-Intshukumo kunye nolwazi oluninzi olutsha. Imvumelwano yentlalontle apha yathatha phantse iminyaka eyi-15. Ngendlela, ukulinda imithetho akusiyo inketho. “Iinkampani kufuneka ziphendule phambi kokuba ipalamente ithathe amanyathelo, ezinye zazo zide zizimele.
Umgwebi ophakamileyo akanakuthabathel’ indawo indima yowiso-mthetho: “Kodwa unokukhomba amanqaku apho sisilela khona.” Yaye kubonakala ukuba amagosa aphezulu aseYurophu afuna ukwenza oko okwangoku. Baphumeza iinjongo zexesha elide zesivumelwano sokhuseleko lwemozulu saseParis ngokwemigaqo ebambekayo. Kwaye oku nangona ingekho naziphi na izibophelelo ezibophelelayo. Ukukhankanya nje imizekelo emibini: Ngokomzekelo, eNgilani, iNkundla Yezibheno yakumisa ukwandiswa kweSikhululo Seenqwelo-moya saseHeathrow, esasivunywe yiPalamente. Kwangaxeshanye, eJamani, iNkundla Yomgaqo-siseko Yesizwe yawisa isigwebo sokuba urhulumente ufanele awuphucule umthetho wokukhusela imozulu. Oko kukuthi, ukukhusela amalungelo enkululeko abantu abancinci. Esi sokugqibela sisigwebo esisisiseko, ngokumalunga namatyala abucala, uthi uGehring: "Iinkundla ezininzi azisayi kuphinda zithathele ingqalelo utshintsho lwemozulu 'njengokuqhuba'."
umthetho wengqiqo
Inyaniso yokuba ngakumbi nangakumbi aboni bemozulu ngoku bamangalelwa phakathi kweenkampani - kungekudala emva kokuba i-VW, i-BMW kunye ne-Mercedes nayo ifumene enye, yinto entsha, kodwa isiphumo esivakalayo sayo. Kummeli we-NGO u-Tiemann kukho isigwebo se-trend-setting: ngokuchasene noShell. EHague, inkampani yeoli, ngokuthatha inxaxheba kweGreenpeace, yayinyanzelekile ukuba inciphise kakhulu ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2 ngo-2030 kulo nyaka. Esona siphumo esihle kwimeko ye-VW? Ukuba eli qela liye layeka ukuthengisa iimoto ezineenjini zokutsha emhlabeni wonke ukususela ngo-2030 kwaye imveliso iya kuncitshiswa kakhulu ngelo xesha.” UTiemann wongezelela ngelithi, kwanokuba kuhlangatyezwane nenxalenye yezinto ezifunwayo, isimangalo sinokugqalwa njengempumelelo: “Lo nto ayithethi kuthi. ukuba asilele. Njengomthetho, kuthatha amatyala amaninzi akhayo omnye komnye ukuze enze izigwebo ezibambekayo kwasekuqaleni. "
Igqwetha uGehring ulindele isigwebo esibhengezayo, njengakwityala lakwaShell. Kwaye oko kuthetha? "Iqela kufuneka lithethelele ukuveliswa okuqhubekayo kweenjini zokutsha zangaphakathi kwimeko yokutshintsha kwemozulu. Sele ndiyibona iyimpumelelo leyo.” UApropos: Ukuphumelela kwamatyala anjalo akucwangciswanga kwangaphambili: “Ngobuninzi babo, abagwebi abaziboni bekwimeko yokuqonda ukutolikwa okunenkqubela kwabamangali. Sifunda nje banzi ngamatyala asele ephumelele,” litsho igqwetha.
Nekamva?
Ngaba akusayi kuba yimfuneko ukuba siye ezitratweni kwixesha elizayo? Ngaba ngokuzenzekelayo kuthetha ukumangala endaweni yesibongozo? Hayi, utsho uTiemann, iinjongo zahlukile: "Isikhalazo asinawo amandla asemthethweni, kodwa ndingasisebenzisa ukwenza kucace ukuba uninzi lwabantu lusemva kwesicelo sam. Imiboniso ifak’ isandla ekubeni umxholo ube ngofanelekileyo kwasekuqaleni.” Yaye igqwetha elinguGehring? Uthi: “Siyayazi intsebenziswano phakathi kwentshukumo yabemi kunye nezimangalo iminyaka engama-30. Khawucinge nje ngamaphulo abemi, okuthatha amanyathelo asemthethweni phambi kweeprojekthi ezinobungozi kwindalo efana neendawo zokutshisa inkunkuma akuyona into entsha.
Yintoni entsha, nangona kunjalo, kukuba kwixesha elizayo iinkampani ezininzi ezibangela ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2 ephezulu kuya kufuneka ziphendule ngendlela ezijongene ngayo nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Ngubani okuluhlu? Ngakolunye uhlangothi icandelo lezothutho, ukuthutha, iinqwelo-moya, ngakolunye uhlangothi indawo yokuvelisa amandla apho iglasi, i-samente, insimbi icutshungulwa kunye nabanikezeli bamandla oluntu," kusho uGehring. Kwaye ke kukho ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu ngokungenzi nto ngotshintsho lwemozulu, nto leyo enokuba sisiseko samatyala angakumbi. “Kufuneka ube nobuchule, kodwa ngokuxhomekeke kumthetho welizwe kuya kuhlala kukho iindawo ezininzi zokunxibelelana. Iinkampani ziya kwenza kakuhle ukuphumeza ukucinga ngokungathathi hlangothi kwemozulu ngokukhawuleza.” Yaye uClara Mayer? Utsho nje: "Eli tyala lelinye inyathelo kuqhanqalazo."
IZIBANGE ZENZO
"Ukungaphumeleli Ukunciphisa"
Amatyala avela xa amazwe okanye iinkampani zisilela ukunciphisa utshintsho lwemozulu. Kule meko, kwelinye icala, abemi okanye ii-NGOs zimangalela oorhulumente ukuze bafumane ukhuseleko olungakumbi lwemozulu. INetherlands inikela umzekelo onempumelelo woku: inkundla ephakamileyo yalapho yawisa isigwebo esixhasa isikhalazo sokuba ukungabikho kokhuselo lwemozulu kwawanyathela amalungelo abantu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, oorhulumente okanye ii-NGOs zimangalela i-CO2 emitters enkulu yokukhusela imozulu okanye imbuyekezo yokusilela ukukhusela imozulu. Ngokomzekelo, isixeko saseNew York siye samangalela iinkampani zeoli iBP, iChevron, iConoco Phillips, iExxon Mobil neRoyal Dutch Shell ngokulujongela phantsi uxanduva lwazo lokutshintsha kwemozulu nokubangela umonakalo esixekweni. Oku kuquka imeko yomlimi wasePeruvia uSaul Luciano Lliuya, omangalela umthengisi wamandla u-RWE ngoncedo lweGreenpeace, okwangoku ifumana ingqalelo eninzi kumajelo eendaba.
"Ukungaphumeleli ukuziqhelanisa"
Oku kubandakanya amatyala malunga namazwe okanye iinkampani ezingalungiseleli ngokwaneleyo ubungozi obungenakuphepheka (ngokomzimba) kunye nomonakalo onokwenzeka obangelwa kukutshintsha kwemozulu. Umzekelo woku ngabaninimzi base-Ontario, eKhanada, abamangalela urhulumente ngo-2016 ngokungabakhuseli ngokwaneleyo kwisikhukula.
"Ukungaphumeleli ukuveza"
Oku malunga neenkampani ezingaboneleli ngolwazi olwaneleyo malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nomngcipheko obangelwa yinkampani, kodwa kunye nabatyalo-mali. Oku kubandakanya izimangalo zabatyali-mali ngokuchasene neenkampani, kodwa kunye nezimangalo zeenkampani ngokwazo ngokuchasene nabacebisi bazo, njengee-arhente zokukala.
Photo / Ividiyo: Shutterstock.
