UKarin Bornett
Izilogeni kwezona lwimi zimyoliyo, imifanekiso yeemazi zeenkomo ezanelisekileyo zitya ingca echumileyo kumadlelo aluhlaza- xa kuthethwa ngokutya, iingcali zezentengiso ziyakuthanda ukusixelela ngebali lobomi basemaphandleni, obudlalwa ngothando. Abathengisi begrosari kunye nabavelisi bonwabile kakhulu ukugxila kwimvelaphi yengingqi yeemveliso zabo. Abathengi bayayibamba.
"Izifundo ezininzi zibonisa ukonyuka okukhulu komdla wokutya kwengingqi kwaye zithetha ngendlela yengingqi ekuthiwe ibambe umkhondo wendalo okwangoku," ubhala uMelissa Sarah Ragger ngo-2018 kwithisisi yenkosi yakhe malunga neenjongo zokuthenga ingingqi. ukutya. Kuba iBiomarkt icaphula uphando olungachazwanga ukusuka ngo-2019, ekuthiwa lubonisile "ukuba kubathengi abaphononongwayo." Bio kunye nokuzinza kudlala indima encinci kunemvelaphi yaseAustria kunye nommandla wokutya. "
Imvelaphi yommandla ibaxekile
Akumangalisi: Ukutya okuvela kwingingqi kunandipha umfanekiso womgangatho ophezulu kunye neemeko ezifanelekileyo zemveliso yabantu kunye nezilwanyana. Ukongeza, akuyomfuneko ukuba zihanjiswe kwisiqingatha sehlabathi. Iimveliso zengingqi nazo ziyathengiswa kwaye zibonwa ngokufanelekileyo. Kodwa: ngaba ukutya okuvela kummandla kulungile ngokwenene? Kwi-2007, i-Agrarmarkt Austria (AMA) yabala ukungcola kwe-CO2 kokutya komntu ngamnye. Imidiliya evela eChile yayiyeyona mibi yemozulu ene-7,5 kg yeCO2 ngekhilogram nganye yesiqhamo. Iapile laseMzantsi Afrika lalinobunzima obungama-263 grams, xa uthelekisa ne-22 grams ye-apile yaseStyrian.
Nangona kunjalo, olunye ubalo oluvela kolu phononongo lukwabonisa ukuba kuphela isixa esincinci se-CO2 sinokugcinwa ngokubanzi ngokufikelela kukutya kwengingqi. Ngokutsho kwe-AMA, ukuba bonke abantu baseAustria batshintshe isiqingatha sokutya kwabo kunye neemveliso zengingqi, iitoni ze-580.000 ze-CO2 ziya kugcinwa. Leyo yi-0,07 yeetoni kuphela ngomntu ngamnye ngonyaka - nge-avareji yemveliso yeetoni ezilishumi elinanye, loo nto yi-0,6 yepesenti nje yesiphumo sonyaka sisonke.
Indawo ayiyondalo
Into ebalulekileyo engasoloko inxibelelana: ingingqi ayiyondalo. Ngelixa "i-organic" ilawulwa ngokusemthethweni kwaye iimfuno zeemveliso ze-organic zichazwe ngokuchanekileyo, igama elithi "regional" alikhuselwanga kwaye alichazwanga okanye libekwe emgangathweni. Ngoko ke sihlala sifikelela kwiimveliso ekucingelwa ukuba zizinzileyo kumafama akwilali esebumelwaneni. Kodwa ukuba lo mfama usebenzisa ezolimo eziqhelekileyo-mhlawumbi nokuba zinobungozi bokusingqongileyo ezisavunyelwe e-Austria tshiza – isebenza kaninzi ayicacanga kuthi.
Umzekelo weetamatato ubonisa umahluko: izichumisi zamaminerali zisetyenziselwa ukulima okuqhelekileyo. Ukuveliswa kwezi zichumisi zodwa kudla amandla amaninzi kangangokuba, ngokutsho kweengcali, iitumato eziphilayo ezivela eSicily ngamanye amaxesha zinomlinganiselo ongcono we-CO2 kunezo zisuka kwezolimo eziqhelekileyo ezithunyelwa ngaphakathi kwingingqi ngeeveni ezincinci. Ngokukodwa xa ukhula kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo ezifudumalayo kuMbindi Yurophu, ukusetyenziswa kwe-CO2 ngokuqhelekileyo kudubula amaxesha amaninzi. Njengomthengi, nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ulinganise izinto kumntu ngamnye. Ukuba uqhuba ngaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezingama-30 ngemoto yakho yamafutha aphantsi komhlaba ukuya kuthenga evenkileni yasefama, udla ngokuphosa imozulu entle elwandle.
Uphuhliso loqoqosho endaweni yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo
Ngaphandle kwayo yonke le miba, abasemagunyeni bakhuthaza ukuthengwa kokutya kwingingqi. Ngokomzekelo, eOstriya, iphulo lezentengiso elithi “GenussRegion Österreich” laqaliswa kwiminyaka embalwa edluleyo liSebe lezoBomi lisebenzisana ne-AMA. Ukuze imveliso ithwale ileyibhile "ye-Austrian Region of Indulgence", i-raw material kufuneka ivele kummandla ochaphazelekayo kwaye iqhutywe kumgangatho ophezulu kummandla. Nokuba imveliso ivela kulimo oluqhelekileyo okanye lwendalo ayizange ibe yinqobo yokugweba. Ubuncinane ibinako Uxolo oluluhlaza kodwa ngo-2018 uphucule umgangatho "we-Austrian Region of Indulgence" ukusuka "kunokuthenjwa ngokwemeko" ukuya "kukuthembeka". Ngelo xesha kwabhengezwa ukuba abaphethe ileyibhile kuya kufuneka bayeke ukusebenzisa ukutya okwenziwe ngokwemfuza ngokupheleleyo ngo-2020 kwaye baya kuvunyelwa kuphela ukusebenzisa ukutya kwengingqi.
Kwinqanaba laseYurophu, ukuqinisekiswa kweemveliso kunye ne "Protected Geographical Indication" kunye ne "Protected Designation of Origin" ibalulekile. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhuselwa kwezinto ezikhethekileyo ngekhonkco phakathi komgangatho wemveliso kunye nendawo engaziwa yemvelaphi okanye indawo yemvelaphi ingaphambili. Abanye abagxeki bakholelwa ukuba umbono wokubonelela ngokutya kumgama omfutshane awubalulekanga nokuba yinto yesibini.
Imozulu ayinamida
Ngaphandle kwalo lonke uthando lwekhaya, into enye icacile: utshintsho lwemozulu alunamida. Okokugqibela kodwa kungancinci, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ukusetyenziswa kokutya okuvela kumazwe angaphandle kwe-organic kuqinisa ulimo lwendalo lwasekhaya - ngokukhethekileyo zidityaniswe ne-Fairtrade seal. Ngelixa useOstriya ubuncinci inkuthazo ethile iyadalwa okanye inkxaso inikezelwa kwiifama eziphilayo, oosomashishini abazinikeleyo bezinto eziphilayo* kufuneka benze umsebenzi wobuvulindlela, ngakumbi kumazwe asahlumayo.
Ukuya ngokungathandabuzekiyo kwimveliso evela kummandla ngoko ke kunokuba nemveliso. Isebe lezentengiso le-denn's Biomarkt libeka ngolu hlobo, ngokuhambelana nesikolo sokucinga esikhoyo: "Ngokufutshane, umntu unokuthi ummandla wodwa, ngokungafaniyo ne-organic, ayisiyonto yozinzo. Nangona kunjalo, imveliso yokutya yengingqi inokuzibeka njengesibini esomeleleyo kunye nezolimo eziphilayo. Oku kulandelayo kunokusetyenziswa njengoncedo lokwenza izigqibo xa kuthengwa ukutya okuziinkozo: okuphilayo, okwexesha lonyaka, kwengingqi – ngokukhethekileyo ngolu hlobo.”
INGQIQO NGAMANANI
Ngaphezu kwama-70 ekhulwini kwabo bavavanywayo bathenga ukutya kwengingqi izihlandlo eziliqela ngenyanga. Phantse isiqingatha sathi bade basebenzise igrosari yengingqi ekuthengeni igrosari yabo ngeveki. I-Austria inkqenkqeza phambili apha malunga neepesenti ezingama-60. IJamani ilandela malunga neepesenti ezingama-47 kunye neSwitzerland malunga neepesenti ezingama-41. Iipesenti ezingama-34 zalabo baphandwayo banxulumanisa ukusetyenziswa kokutya kwengingqi kunye nokuzinikela ekukhuselweni kwendalo, okubandakanya neendlela ezimfutshane zothutho. Iipesenti ezingama-47 zilindele ukuba imveliso yengingqi iveliswe kwiifama ezingekho ngaphezu kweekhilomitha ezili-100 ukusuka apho. Kumgama weekhilomitha ezingama-200, imvumelwano yabo bavavanyiweyo isezantsi kakhulu kwi-16 ekhulwini. Iipesenti ezili-15 kuphela zabathengi zincamathela ukubaluleka kumbuzo wokuba ngaba iimveliso zivela kwifama yezinto eziphilayo.
(Umthombo: Izifundo ngu-AT KEARNEY 2013, 2014; ucatshulwe ku: Melissa Sarah Ragger: "Ummandla ngaphambi kwe-organic?")
Photo / Ividiyo: Shutterstock.
