Ulwaphulo-mthetho lweentshukumo zokusingqongileyo

Olona qhankqalazo lukhulu kwimozulu lusasazeke kwihlabathi lonke. Abanye babona ukuba yintoni inkululeko yedemokhrasi kwabanye njengesoyikiso kukhuseleko lwesizwe.

Yintoni eyenzekileyo ezitalatweni phantse kwihlabathi liphela ukusukela oko isitrayitimenti sokuqala semozulu yehlabathi kwi-1 sasifana nenyikima yomhlaba. Kumazwe aqikelelwa kwi-2019, phakathi kwe-150 kunye ne-6 yezigidi zabantu babonisa ubulungisa bemozulu yehlabathi. Kwaye kucwangciswa imiboniso emininzi. Olona qhankqalazo lukhulu kwimozulu kwimbali, ukuba ayingowona mbutho mkhulu woqhanqalazo oqhubekayo ngoku.

Kuyamangalisa ukuba uqhanqalazo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku lube noxolo ngokumangalisayo. EParis ngoSeptemba 2019 kuqikelelwa i-150 yababonakalisi abanesigqubuthelo seblack emnyama exubeke ne-40.000 okanye ababonisi kwaye bazama ukuvusa uqhankqalazo lwemozulu. Ukuqhekezwa kweefestile, ukutshisa ii-e-scooter, iivenkile eziphangiweyo kunye nokubanjwa okungaphezulu kwekhulu kwaba sisiphumo.

Ngo-Okthobha u-2019 wayenesiphithiphithi kancinci kunonxibelelwano lwemozulu Ukupheliswa Ukupheliswa Bangene kwiziko lokuthenga kwi-arrondissement ye-13 kumazantsi eParis. "Abavukeli" abangama-280 babanjwa kuqhankqalazo eLondon emva kokuzibophelela ngetyathanga ezimotweni ezivalela ukugcwala kwabantu. Phantse abantu abangama-4.000 babonisa eBerlin kwaye bathintela nezithuthi. Apho abaqhankqalazi babeshukunyiswa ngamapolisa okanye ukugcwala kwezithuthi kwajika nje.

Unonophelo, amatshantliziyo emozulu!

Ukusuka kwezi zehlo, isikhululo sikamabonwakude esingakhathaliyo saseMelika iFoxNews sayijika ingxelo "Iqela labaphembeleli bemozulu abagqithisileyo bakhubaza iinxalenye zaseLondon, eFrance naseJamani". Baza "kunyanzelisa abezopolitiko ukuba banciphise ukukhutshwa kwegesi yazo." Kodwa ayisiyiFox News nje, i-FBI iyayazi indlela yokuhlambalaza nokwenza ulwaphulo-mthetho kubaphembeleli bendalo. Ukwahlule le yokugqibela njengesoyikiso sobunqolobi iminyaka. Kutshanje, u-Guardian uveze uphando lobunqolobi olwenziwe yi-FBI ngokuchasene nabaphembeleli boxolo baseMelika. Ngokuzenzekelayo, olu phando ikakhulu lwenzeka kwiminyaka ye-2013-2014, xa babeqhankqalaza ngokuchasene nombhobho weoyile waseCanada-American Keystone XL.

E-Great Britain, umzekelo, amatshantliziyo amathathu okusingqongileyo aqhankqalazela imveliso yegesi ephuma kwishale apho agwetyelwe izigwebo ezikhulu. Abaphembeleli abancinci bagwetywa iinyanga ezili-16-18 entolongweni ngokubangela inkathazo kuluntu emva kokukhwela kwilori zaseCuadrilla. Ngokuzenzekelayo, inkampani yayisandula ukuhlawula urhulumente i-253 yezigidi zeedola kwilayisensi yokukhupha i-shale gas.

I-NGO yase-US i-Global Witness ivakalise i-alamu ngokuchasene nolwaphulo-mthetho lwemo yendalo esingqongileyo ngehlobo lowe-2019. Kwabhala ukubulawa kwabantu abali-164 kwabaphembeleli bendalo kwihlabathi liphela ngo-2018, ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sabo eLatin America. Kukwakho neengxelo zamanye amatshantliziyo amaninzi athe athuliswa ngokubanjwa, ukugrogriswa ngokubulawa, ukugwetywa nokugwetywa. I-NGO ilumkisa ngelithi ukwaphula umthetho umhlaba kunye nabaphembeleli bendalo akupheleliselwanga kumazantsi ehlabathi: "Ehlabathini lonke kukho ubungqina bokuba oorhulumente kunye neenkampani basebenzisa iinkundla kunye neenkqubo zomthetho njengezixhobo zokucinezela abo bafumana indlela yamagunya namandla abo". E-Hungary, umthetho ude wawaphelisa amalungelo ee-NGO.

Ingcinezelo nokwenziwa ulwaphulo-mthetho kubeka emngciphekweni umbutho wendalo esingqongileyo.Ukungcolisa igama labaphembeleli bendalo njengo "eco-anarchists", "abagrogrisi bendalo esingqongileyo" okanye "ukungcangcazela kwemozulu ngaphaya kwayo nayiphi na into ekhoyo" kuthintele inkxaso yoluntu kunye nokuziphindezela okusemthethweni.
Unjingalwazi kunye nomphandi wezongquzulwano uJacquelien van Stekelenburg ovela kwiDyunivesithi yaseAmsterdam akanakho - ngaphandle komonakalo othile kwipropathi- ukufumana nantoni na enokubakho kubundlobongela obuhamba nentshukumo yemozulu. Ngokombono wabo, kubalulekile ukuba ilizwe ngokubanzi linenkcubeko yokuqhanqalaza nokuba banobuchule obungakanani na abaququzeleli ngokwabo: “ENetherlands, abaququzeleli baxela uqhankqalazo lwabo emapoliseni kwangaphambi koko balulungise kunye. Umngcipheko wokuba uqhankqalazo luphume ezandleni uphantsi ngokwentelekiso. "

Uburharha, uthungelwano kunye neenkundla

Uburharha bubonakala sisixhobo esidumileyo phakathi kwabaphembeleli bendalo. Cinga ngeminenga emikhulu phambi kweKomkhulu le-OMV. Okanye iphulo le-Global 2000 "Sinomsindo", oqukethe ukusasaza iiselfie ngobuso obumuncu kwimithombo yeendaba. Ukupheliswa kwemvukelo akunakuphikwa nokuhlekiswa. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, bamisa iimbiza zeentyatyambo, iisofa, iitafile, izitulo kunye - okokugqibela kodwa okunga kungaphelelanga apho - umkhombe owenziwe ngomthi eBerlin ukuvimba ukugcwala kwabantu.

Ngayiphi na imeko, inqanaba elilandelayo lokunyuka koqhanqalazo lwemozulu kubonakala ngathi lwenzeka kwinqanaba lezomthetho kweli lizwe. Emva kokuba imeko engxamisekileyo yemozulu yabhengezwa e-Austria, yaziswa Uxolo oluluhlaza I-Austria kunye NgoLwesihlanu ngeKamva isimangalo sokuqala semozulu esiphambi kweNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ngenjongo yokurhoxisa imithetho eyonakalisa imozulu- njengomgaqo weTempo 140 okanye ukukhululwa kwirhafu yeparafini. EJamani, nayo, iGreenpeace ibhenela kwizixhobo ezisemthethweni kwaye kutshanje iphumelele impumelelo encinci. E-France, ityala elifanayo laphumelela ngo-2021.

I-Global 2000 ibona amanyathelo alandelayo okuhlanganisa, ukunxibelelana kunye nolawulo: "Siza kwenza konke esinako ukukwenza ngamandla ukufuna ukukhuselwa kwemozulu, kubandakanya amaphulo, izikhalazo, umsebenzi weendaba kwaye ukuba akukho nanye kwezi ezincedayo, sizakuthathela ingqalelo amanyathelo asemthethweni," utshilo. Umkhankaso uJohannes Wahlmüller.

Izicwangciso zikaAllianz "Ukutshintsha kwenkqubo, hayi ukutshintsha kwemozulu", Apho imibutho engaphezu kwe-130, imibutho kunye namanyathelo okuqala okusingqongileyo ase-Austrian ahlelwe, kwakhona kubonelela oku kulandelayo:" Siza kuqhubeka nokubeka uxinzelelo olukhulu kwizenzo zethu kwaye sabona iintsika zezopolitiko ezingalunganga zase-Austrian ezinjalo. njengendawo yokulinda iimoto kunye nomzi mveliso weenqwelomoya. "Olu manyano ludlale indima ebalulekileyo kwimvukelo yaseYurophu jikelele yezomthetho wemozulu" By2020WeRiseUp ".
Okokugqibela kodwa kungaphelelanga apho, uLwesiHlanu weKamva uzibona njengombutho ongenabundlobongela, oqhankqalazo lwehlabathi lonke lusekwe kwimigaqo yeJemez yamanyathelo olawulo lwentando yesininzi. Ezi zinto zisikhumbuza ngakumbi ngeWoodstock kunalo naluphi na uhlobo olunokubakho kulungelelwaniso.

Ngayiphi na imeko, abukho ubungqina bobundlobongela okanye ukuzimisela ukusebenzisa ubundlobongela kumbutho wezendalo wase-Austrian. Oku kuqinisekiswa kungaphelelanga apho yingxelo yokhuselo lomgaqo-siseko, apho kungakhange kuthethwe ngesoyikiso esivela kubaphembeleli bendalo. Kancinci njengakwingxelo yobunqolobi yase-Europol. Nkqu no-Extinction Rebellion, otyholwa ngokuzimisela ukusebenzisa ubundlobongela ephindaphinda unobangela wentelekelelo, wasuswa kuzo naziphi na izinto ezigwenxa yi-Ofisi yaseJamani yoKhuselo loMgaqo-siseko. Kwingxelo yakutshanje, ibhengeze ukuba akukho bungqina bokuba ngumbutho ozibaxayo.

Lilonke, eYurophu- kubandakanya i-Austria-amazwi awodwa anokuvakala eqikelela malunga nokwenzeka kwentshukumo yokusingqongileyo, kodwa oku akunanto yakwenza nobungakanani bentshukumo. Kwaye ukubakho kobundlobongela obuvela kuyo akukho ndlela inxulumene noko kubangelwa kukusilela kwale ntshukumo, okt utshintsho lwemozulu ngokwalo kunye neziphumo zalo.

Indawo yokubilisa

Kumazwe asakhasayo nasakhasayo, ngoku kuyacaca ukuba kuqhuma njani ukudityaniswa kweziganeko zemozulu ezigabadeleyo, ukunqongophala kwamanzi, imbalela kunye nokunqongophala kokutya kwelinye icala kunye nokuwohloka, imibutho yezopolitiko eyonakeleyo kwelinye icala. Kwangokunjalo, ukunyuka kunokulindeleka kuphela kweli lizwe ukuba ukuthembela kumaziko olawulo lwentando yesininzi kutshatyalaliswe kwaphela kunye nokunqongophala kwezixhobo.

Ekugqibeleni, kweli lizwe, umgangatho wentando yesininzi ungoyena ndoqo wokuphumelela okanye ukusilela kwentshukumo yemozulu. Ekugqibeleni, ithatha isigqibo sokuba ngaba abaqhankqalazi bazakuthathwa ngamapolisa okanye babanjwe, ingaba iiprojekthi ezinkulu zokwakha ziya kwenziwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokuthatha inxaxheba koluntu nokuba oorhulumente banokuvota ngokufanelekileyo okanye hayi. Ngokufanelekileyo, intshukumo yendalo esingqongileyo iya kunceda abezopolitiko ukuba bazikhulule kwizithintelo zeendawo zokuphembelela.

Amanqanaba amahlanu olwaphulo-mthetho lomhlaba kunye nentshukumo yokusingqongileyo

Imikhankaso yeSmear kunye neendlela zokungcolisa igama
Imikhankaso engamanyala kunye neendlela zokungcolisa amajelo asekuhlaleni zibonisa abemi bendalo njengamalungu emigulukudu yolwaphulo-mthetho, abanqolobi, okanye abanqolobi aboyikisayo kukhuseleko lwesizwe. La maqhinga ahlala eqiniswa yintetho enentiyo enocalucalulo.

Izityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho
I-Environmentalists kunye nemibutho yabo bahlala behlawuliswa ngezityholo ezingacacanga ezinje "njengokuphazamisa ucwangco loluntu", "ukungena ngokungekho mthethweni", "iyelenqe", "ukunyanzela" okanye "ukukhuthaza". Isibhengezo semeko yongxamiseko sihlala sisetyenziselwa ukucinezela uqhankqalazo olunoxolo.

Ukubanjwa kwemvume
Imvume yokubanjwa ikhutshwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngaphandle kobungqina obuthathaka okanye obungaqinisekiswanga. Ngamanye amaxesha abantu abakhankanywanga kuyo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni iqela liphela okanye uluntu lonke lubekwe ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho. Imvume yokubanjwa ihlala ihleli ilindile, ishiya abatyholwa besengozini yokubanjwa.

Ukuvalelwa phambi kwetyala ngokungekho mthethweni
Umtshutshisi ubonelela ngokuvalelwa kwangaphambi kwetyala elinokuhlala iminyaka eliqela. Abaphembeleli bomhlaba kunye nabokusingqongileyo bahlala bengenakho ukubonelela ngoncedo lwezomthetho okanye iitoliki zenkundla. Ukuba bafumanekile, kunqabile ukuba bahlawulwe.

Ulwaphulo-mthetho oluninzi
Imibutho yokhuselo lokusingqongileyo kuye kwafuneka inyamezele ukubekwa kweliso ngokungekho semthethweni, ugqogqo okanye uhlaselo, olukhokelele kubhaliso kunye nolawulo lwemali kubo nakumalungu abo. Imibutho yoluntu kunye namagqwetha abo bahlaselwe ngokwasemzimbeni, bavalelwa entolongweni bade babulawa.

Phawula: Ingqina lehlabathi ebesoloko ebhala amatyala kwihlabathi liphela apho imibutho yasemaphandleni neyokusingqongileyo kunye nabantu bomthonyama benetyala kulwaphulo-mthetho iminyaka engama-26. La matyala abonisa ukufana okuthile, okushwankathelwe kula manqanaba mahlanu. Umthombo: globalwitness.org

Photo / Ividiyo: Shutterstock.