option
Izifo ze-Autoimmune aziqhelekanga kwaye zenzeke kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. Into abafana ngayo bonke yindlela yokugula, apho amajoni omzimba ahlasela aze atshabalalise izakhiwo zomzimba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, amajoni omzimba ahlasela i-pathogens okanye iiseli zomhlaza, njengoko ziyaziwa, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, isifo esizimelayo sikhokelela kuhlobo "lwe-misprogramming" ye-immune system. Kukho izifo ezininzi zolu hlobo, ngoko kweli nqaku siza kugxininisa ezintlanu kuzo eziqhelekileyo kwaye zifundwe kakuhle.
Kuvakala ngathi siskripthi esibi: abalindi, abadla ngokukhusela ilifa labo ngokuthembekileyo kubahlaseli, baqala ukuphanga kwaye batshabalalise. Yile ndlela kanye zisebenza ngayo izifo ze-autoimmune, apho amajoni omzimba ahlasela ngequbuliso izakhiwo / iiseli ezithile emzimbeni wakho. Ukuze uhlolisise ngokuthembekileyo isifo esinjalo, oogqirha basebenzisa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, okubizwa ngokuba i-serology ye-autoimmune, apho ii-autoantibodies ezithile zinokufunyanwa ngokuthembekileyo.
Uhlobo lwe-1 yeswekile mellitus
Ngelixa uhlobo oluxhaphake kakhulu lwe-2 yeswekile lusoloko lukhuthazwa kukutya okungondlekiyo kunye nokutyeba, uhlobo loku-1 sisifo se-autoimmune sakudala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iziqithana zeLangerhans ezikwi-pancreas zivelisa ihomoni yokwehlisa iswekile egazini. Kuhlobo lwe-1 yesifo sikashukela, ezi seli zihlaselwa kwaye zitshatyalaliswe yi-immune system, ukwenzela ukuba umntu ochaphazelekayo akakwazi ukuvelisa i-insulin kwaye kufuneka ayijobe ubomi bonke.
psoriasis
I-Psoriasis kwakhona sisifo esizimelayo. Ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, iiseli zomzimba apha zihlasela iiseli ezinophondo (i-keratinocytes) yolusu olungasentla. Nangona kunjalo, ezi seli ezinophondo azitshatyalaliswa, kodwa zivuselelwe ukuba zikhule ngokungalawulekiyo ngamajoni omzimba. Oku kubangela ububomvu obubonakalayo kunye nokunyuka. Amafutha ahlukeneyo, i-lotion kunye ne-cortisone inokunciphisa isifo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, kwakhona into ebizwa ngokuba yi-light therapy isetyenziswa.
Ukulahleka kweenwele kwisetyhula
Xa kufikwa ekulahlekeni kweenwele, into yokuqala efika engqondweni yinto ecaphukisa kakhulu enokwanda ngokukhula. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu owaziyo ukuba inokuba sisifo se-autoimmune. Oku kunjalo kanye nokulahleka kweenwele ezijikelezayo. Amabala ajikelezayo enkqayi entloko abaluleke kakhulu, yiyo loo nto esi sifo, esaziwa ngokuba yi-alopecia areata, sinokuba noxinzelelo olukhulu kwabo bachaphazelekayo. Isizathu sikuhlaselwa yi-immune system kwi-follicles yeenwele, ekugqibeleni ibangela ukuba iinwele ziphume. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akucaci ukuba le nto yenzeka njani, apho i-immunosuppressants ekhoyo kuphela ekhoyo. La machiza acinezela amajoni omzimba kwaye ngaloo ndlela athomalalisa iimpawu.
isifo se-celiac
Ngokolwazi lwangoku, isifo se-celiac sisifo se-autoimmune. Kukunganyamezeli ukutya apho kwaziwa ukuba zininzi kakhulu. Kule meko, izigulane azikwazi ukunyamezela i-gluten. Isifo se-Celiac sinophawu olulodwa olukhethekileyo phakathi kwazo zonke izifo ezizimelayo: ngokukhawuleza ukuba ukutya okune-gluten kugwenywe, iimpawu ziyanyamalala, ezibandakanya i-flatulence, isifo sohudo kunye neempawu eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokudinwa, ubuthathaka kunye nokunciphisa umzimba.
Irheumatoid arthritis
I-Rheumatoid arthritis, eyaziwa ngcono njenge-rheumatism, ikwakwiqela lezifo ezizimelayo. Amalungu abuhlungu kunye nokuqina okunyukayo kubangelwa yi-immune system ehlasela i-synovial membrane kwaye ibangele ukuvuvukala apho. Ukudibanisa amayeza, i-physiotherapy kunye nonyango lweentlungu zihlala zisetyenziselwa unyango. Ngale ndlela, iimpawu zinokuncitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo. ICortisone ibalulekile ekuthinteleni ukugqabhuka kokudumba kwamalungu.
Photo / Ividiyo: Ifoto yiNational Cancer Institute on Unsplash.
