U-Sonja Bettel
Isiseko sepiramidi yanamhlanje yeemfuno, kusithiwa ngokuhlekisa, akusekho iimfuno zomzimba, kodwa ibhetri kunye ne-WLAN. Ngapha koko, i-intanethi iyeyona nto ibalulekileyo ebomini babantu. Kodwa ilizwe elimangalisayo le-intanethi linalo icala elimnyama: izithuba zentiyo, ubuxhakaxhaka be-cybercrime, ubugrogrisi, ukugoba, i-malware, iikopi ezingekho mthethweni zemisebenzi enamalungelo okushicilela kunye nokunye kubonakala ngathi kwenza i-intanethi yehlabathi ibe yindawo eyingozi.
Akumangalisi ukuba iEuropean Union ikhula ngokuzama ukulawula le ndawo ngemithetho.
Umthetho ophikisayo welungelo lokushicilela
Into yokuqala ilungelo lokushicilela. Kwiminyaka emininzi, kuye kwakho ingxoxo eninzi malunga nokuba ababhali bangakhuselwa njani kwaye bahlawulwe ngokufanelekileyo kusini na kwiminyaka ye-digital ngokukhuphelwa ngokungekho semthethweni kwemisebenzi yabo. Ubuncinci kude kube kukho ukungalingani phakathi kokuyila kunye neelebheli kunye nabapapashi. Ixesha elide balala kwinto yokuba abaphulaphuli bafudukele kwi-Intanethi kwaye bengasayigqibi nje, kodwa bazenzela ngokwabo-ngamaqhosha emisebenzi yabanye abantu. Xa ukuthengiswa kwehla, bacela ukuba nenxaxheba kwi-intanethi kwiingeniso zamaqonga. Abasebenzisi bafuna ilungelo lobunini elihlangabezana nobunyani beli xesha lobugcisa kunye noluntu.
Emva komzabalazo omde, ongqongqo, kuye kwavela umgaqo-nkqubo welungelo lokushicilela we-EU obangela ingxaki. Ingxaki yenombolo yokuqala ngumthetho odibanisa amalungelo obunini, onika abashicileli ilungelo elikhethekileyo lokwenza iimveliso zabo zifumaneke esidlangalaleni kangangexesha elithile. Oku kuthetha ukuba iinjini zokukhangela, umzekelo, zinokubonisa kuphela amakhonkco kumanqaku anegama "elinye". Okokuqala, oku akucacanga ngokusemthethweni, okwesibini, ii-hyperlink ziyinto ebalulekileyo yeWebhu eBanzi yeHlabathi, kwaye okwesithathu, umthetho oxhasa amalungelo obunini eJamani, apho ubukho ukusukela ngo-2013, awuzanga nomvuzo wethemba labapapashi. UGoogle usongele ukungabandakanyi abapapashi baseJamani kwaye emva koko bafumana iphepha-mvume lasimahla leendaba zikaGoogle.
Ingxaki yenombolo yesibini yiNqaku le-13. Ngokwalo, umxholo kufuneka ukhangelwe ukwaphulwa komthetho ngaphambi kokuba upapashwe kwiintanethi zentlalo. Oku kunokwenzeka kuphela ngeefilitha zokulayisha. Oku kunzima ukukuphuhlisa kwaye kuyabiza, utshilo uBernhard Hayden, ingcaphephe ye-copyright yombutho wamalungelo abantu iziqhulo.works: "Amaqonga amancinci ke kuya kufuneka adlale imixholo yawo kusetyenziswa amacebo okusebenza kwamaqonga amakhulu, okuya kukhokelela kulwakhiwo lophononongo oluphakathi eYurophu." Ukongeza, amacebo okucoca alingekhe ahlulele ukuba umxholo waphula umthetho welungelo lokushicilela okanye uxolelwe njengokreqo. njalo njalo. Oku kukwahluka kukwahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko yelungu le-EU. Isisombululo esithi "thabatha kwaye uthathe phantsi" njenge-USA singaluncedo kakhulu, utshilo uBernhard Hayden, apho amaqonga kufuneka asuse umxholo kuphela xa ecelwe ukuba enze njalo ligunya.
Ukuvota kwisikhokelo se-copyright kwakucace gca kuhambelana nemithetho emitsha ephikisayo. Imeko yesizwe yezomthetho igqitywe ngamalungu e-EU ngokwawo, ke akusayi kubakho sisombululo sisebenzayo kuyo yonke le ndawo ye-EU.
Indoda yeglasi
Ubunzima obulandelayo bokunxibelelana ngonxibelelwano bujikeleze kwikona: UMgaqo we-E-ubungqina. Oku kuyilo olusuka kwiKhomishini ye-EU ekufikeleleni kumda womda wedatha yomsebenzisi. Ukuba, njengomntu wase-Austrian, ndikrokrelwa, umzekelo, igunya laseHungary "loncedo lokufuduka ngokungekho mthethweni", oko kukuthi, inkxaso kubabaleki, unokucela umphathi wenethiwekhi eselula ukuba andiphathe unxibelelwano ngocingo-ngaphandle kwenkundla yase-Austrian. Umnikezeli kuya kufuneka ke ajonge ukuba ngaba oko kuhambelana ngokomthetho okanye akunjalo. Oku kuyakuthetha ubumfihlo bokunyanzeliswa komthetho, i-ISPA igxeka - Ababoneleli beenkonzo zeIntanethi eOstriya. Olu lwazi kuya kufuneka lubonelelwe ngeeyure ezimbalwa, kodwa ababoneleli abancinci abanalo isebe lezomthetho ngalo lonke ixesha kwaye banokukhutshelwa ngaphandle ngokukhawuleza kwintengiso.
Ngaphezulu kwehlobo lowama-2018, iKhomishini ye-EU yaqulunqa nommiselo wokulwa umxholo wobunqolobi, nangona umthetho wokulwa nobugrogrisi waqalisa ukusebenza ngo-Epreli ngo-2017. Apha, kwakhona, ababoneleli kufuneka banyanzelekile ukuba basuse umxholo ngaphakathi kwexesha elifutshane ngaphandle kokuchaza ukuba yintoni kanye kanye umxholo wobunqolobi.
EAustria, izilungiso kuMthetho woGunyaziso lweMikhosi kutshanje zibangele uchulumanco, ekujongwe ukuba umkhosi uqhubeke nokujonga ngokwakho xa "uthuka" kwi-Federal Army kwaye ucele ulwazi malunga neselfowuni kunye nedatha ye-Intanethi. Inqanaba elilandelayo linokuba ngumthetho oyilwayo ngokusetyenziswa kwamagama okwenyani kunye nezinye izixhobo zelizwe zokujonga ezinokuthi zithintele amalungelo asisiseko, utshilo umlawuli olawulayo we-epicenter.works. "E-Austria ngokunjalo nakwinqanaba le-EU, kufuneka sijonge yonke imithetho ephononongwayo, utshilo uThomas Lohninger.
I-SME vs. Ii-giants zenethiwekhi
Abasebenzisi be-Intanethi, oko kukuthi, sonke, kufuneka nabo banike ingqalelo, kuba uninzi lweemeko ze-arhente zomthetho okanye ezinkulu, iinkampani ze-Intanethi ezisebenzayo ziyaxhamla kwimithetho emitsha ye-Intanethi kunye nefoni. Ababhatali irhafu ngokokude iinkampani ezincinci kufuneka. Oku ngoku kufuneka kutshintshwe ngerhafu yedijithali, ngokokutsho kwe-Facebook, Google, Apple kunye noCo behlawula irhafu apho bahlala khona abathengi babo. Into enje ithathelwa ingqalelo kwinqanaba le-EU; urhulumente wase-Austrian ubhengeze esakhe isisombululo. Ngaba isengqiqweni le nto, nokuba iyahambelana nemithetho ekhoyo nokuba iya kusebenza na.
Imeko yezomthetho engaphumelelanga
Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, into enye icacile: izithintelo ezisemthethweni zenethiwekhi azisebenzi kangako kumsebenzisi ngamnye. Ityala likaSigrid Maurer, owayexhatshazwe ngokwesondo nge-Facebook kwaye kufuneka ahlawule imbuyekezo emva kokupapashwa kwale poster, kodwa engakwazi ukuzikhusela kolu gwenxa, libonisa ukuba umthetho wenyani ushiyeke kakhulu ngokubhekisele kwinzondo eku-intanethi. . Intatheli uIngrid Brodnig, obhale iincwadi malunga nentiyo kunye nobuxoki kwi-Intanethi, ke ucebisa ukuba iinkampani ezinkulu ze-Intanethi zifuna ukungafihli nto: "Ukuqala kwenkonzo ye-intanethi kukuba kungasenza uluntu olukhululekileyo. Ngapha koko, ngabasebenzisi kuphela abonakalayo, iziphumo ze-algorithms eluntwini azikho. ”Kufanelekile ukuba, umzekelo, izazinzulu zibavavanye ukuze sifumane ukuba kutheni ezinye iziphumo zokukhangela okanye iiposti kwiinethiwekhi zentlalo ziboniswa ngendlela ethile. Ukuze abaqhubi beqonga elikhulu bangabi bakhulu kwaye babe namandla ngakumbi, ukutolikwa komthetho wokhuphiswano kuya kufuneka.
Photo / Ividiyo: Shutterstock.
