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IGreenpeace ijongene nohambo lokumbiwa kwemigodi olunzulu kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki | IGreenpeace int.

KwiMpuma yePasifiki, nge-26 kaMatshi, ngo-2023 - Amatshantliziyo avela kwiGreenpeace International bema ngoxolo ngokuchasene nenqanawa yophando yaseBritane uJames Cook kumanzi asempuma yePasifiki njengoko yayibuya kuhambo lweeveki ezisixhenxe ukuya kunxweme loLwandlekazi iPasifiki eyayisingelwe kwimigodi enzulu yolwandle. Itshantliziyo lenyuka kwicala lesikhephe esishukumayo ukuya kutyhila isibhengezo esifundeka ngolu hlobo "Yithi Hayi kwiMigodi enzulu yoLwandle" ngelixa amatsha ntliziyo amabini angamaMāori ayequbha phambi kweRRS James Cook, enye iphethe iflegi yaseMāori enye ineflegi enye enombhalo. "Don't mine not the Moiana". [1]

“Njengoko ukruthakruthwano lwezopolitiko lusanda malunga nokuba kuvunyelwe na ukumbiwa kwemigodi enzulu elwandle, umdla worhwebo elwandle uqhubela phambili ngokungathi sisivumelwano esenziweyo. Ngokungathi ukuthumela inqanawa akukhubekisi ngokwaneleyo ukuvumela ukutshatyalaliswa okuqhubekayo kwe-ecosystem yethu, sisithuko esikhohlakeleyo ukuthumela lowo ubizwa ngegama le-colonist elaziwa kakhulu lePasifiki. Kangangexesha elide abantu basePasifiki bebekhutshelwe ngaphandle kwizigqibo ezichaphazela imimandla kunye namanzi ethu. Ngaphandle kokuba oorhulumente banqande eli shishini ukuba liqale, ezona ntsuku zimnyama zembali ziya kuphinda. Siyala ikamva ngemigodi enzulu yolwandle", utshilo uJames Hita, itshantliziyo leMāori kunye nenkokeli yePasifiki yephulo lemigodi enzulu yolwandle iGreenpeace International.

Abathunywa abavela koorhulumente behlabathi ngoku bahlanganisene kwi-International Seabed Authority (ISA) e-Kingston, eJamaica ukuze baxoxe ukuba ngaba eli shishini litshabalalisayo. ingafumana ukukhanya okuluhlaza kulo nyaka [2]. Ngeli xesha, inkampani yemigodi enzulu yolwandle i-UK Seabed Resources isebenzisa uhambo luka-RRS James Cook – oluxhaswa ngemali kawonke-wonke e-UK – ukuthatha amanyathelo angaphaya okuqalisa iimvavanyo zemigodi phambi kokuba kugqitywe uthethathethwano [3].

I-RRS James Cook expedition, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Smartex (i-Seabed Mining And Resilience to Experimental Impact) [3], ilawulwa e-UK yi-Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) kunye namaqabane afana ne-Natural History Museum, iBritish Geological Survey kunye ne-JNCC. kunye nenani leedyunivesithi zaseBritane zixhaswa ngemali kuluntu. I-UK ixhasa ezinye zezona ndawo zinkulu zokuhlola imigodi yolwandle, I-133.000 km egutyungelwe yoLwandlekazi lwePasifiki.

Ngaphezu kwama-700 oososayensi abavela kumazwe angama-44 sele bephumelele ngokuchasene noshishino ukutyikitya Ileta evulekileyo efuna ukunqumama. “Izinto eziphila elwandle kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ziyehla kwaye ngoku asiloxesha lifanelekileyo lokuqalisa ukusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso kumbindi wolwandle. Unqumamiso luyafuneka ukuze kusinike ixesha lokuqonda ngokupheleleyo impembelelo enokubakho yokwembiwa kwemigodi enzulu elwandle ukuze senze isigqibo malunga nokuba siqhubeke kusini na. Mna ngokwam, ndiphelelwe yintembelo kubaphathi bangoku be-ISA ukuba bathathe esi sigqibo kwaye kucace gca ukuba abantu abambalwa, beqhutywa zizinto ezinomdla wezoqoqosho, bagqwethe inkqubo efanele ukumela iimfuno zoluntu lonke.” utshilo u-Alex Rogers, uNjingalwazi weBiology kwiYunivesithi yaseOxford kunye noMlawuli weSayensi kwiREV Ocean.

Iphulo le-Smartex latyelela enye yezi ndawo zinelayisensi yokuhlola laza labuyela kwiindawo apho ukumbiwa kwemigodi kwangethuba kwenzeka ngo-1979 ukuze kubekwe iliso kwiziphumo zexesha elide zokumbiwa kwemigodi. IGreenpeace International icela ukuba zonke iinkcukacha malunga nefuthe lemigodi yolwandle kwi-ecosystem kwiminyaka engama-44 eyadlulayo zenziwe zifumaneke ukuze zazise oorhulumente kwingxoxo-mpikiswano kwintlanganiso ye-ISA eqhubekayo.

Inkampani yemigodi enzulu yolwandle i-UK Seabed Resources liqabane leprojekthi ye-Smartex kwaye iwebhusayithi yenkampani yangaphambili yenkampani yabazali ithi olu hambo "isigaba esilandelayo senkqubo yayo yokuhlola” – elenza ukuba libe linyathelo eliyimfuneko elibhekiselele kuvavanyo olucwangcisiweyo lweNkampani malunga nokumbiwa kwemigodi ekupheleni kwalo nyaka [4] [5].

Esi ayisosihlandlo sokuqala ukuba iinkxalabo ziphakanyiswe kwiintlanganiso ze-ISA malunga nokwahlula phakathi kophando olujolise ekuphuculeni ukuqonda kwabantu ubunzulu bolwandle kunye nemisebenzi yokuhlola imigodi enzulu yolwandle. A Ileta esayinwe zizazinzulu ezingama-29 zolwandle olunzuluebithiwe thaca kwintlanganiso ye-ISA yangaphambili, yathi: “Umhlaba wolwandle ngowethu sonke. Siyaliqonda inyhweba kunye noxanduva lokufunda iinkqubo ezinzulu zolwandle ukuze kuzuze ulwazi lwabantu. Uphando lwezenzululwazi ukuqonda indlela esebenza ngayo i-ecosystem enzulu yolwandle kunye nokuxhasa iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo yahlukile kwimisebenzi eyenziwa phantsi kwezivumelwano zokuhlola ezinikwe yi-International Seabed Authority.

Uthethwano kwintlanganiso ye-ISA luqhube kude kube ngama-31 kaMatshi. Oonozakuzaku beveki ephelileyo utyhole intloko ye-ISA, uMichael Lodge, ngokuphulukana nokungakhethi cala okufunwa sisikhundla sakhe und Ungenelelo ekwenziweni kwezigqibo zikarhulumente kwi-ISA ukukhawulezisa imigodi.

ISIPHELO

Iifoto kunye neevidiyo ziyafumaneka APHA

Amagqabantshintshi

[1] Kubantu basePasifiki, ngakumbi kwiintsomi zaseTe Ao Māori, iMoana ibandakanya ulwandle ukusuka kumachibi anamatye angekho nzulu ukuya kutsho kubunzulu bolwandle oluphakamileyo. IMoiana lulwandle. Kwaye ngokwenza njalo, ithetha ngobudlelwane bangaphakathi bonke abantu basePacific abanabo kunye neMoana.

[2] Iikhontrakthi ezingama-31 zokuphonononga ukusebenza kwemigodi enzulu elwandle, egubungela ngaphezu kwesigidi seskweri seekhilomitha zolwandle lwamazwe ngamazwe, ziye zanikezelwa yi-International Seabed Authority (ISA). Amazwe atyebileyo alawula uphuhliso lwemigodi enzulu yolwandle kwaye axhasa i-18 kwiilayisensi zokuhlola ezingama-31. I-China ibambe ezinye iikhontrakthi ezi-5, okuthetha ukuba yikota kuphela yezivumelwano zokuhlola ezibanjwe ngamazwe asakhulayo. Akukho sizwe saseAfrika esixhasa ukuphononongwa kwezimbiwa ezinzulu zolwandle kwaye kuphela iCuba evela kwingingqi yaseLatin America ixhasa ngokuyinxenye ilayisenisi njengenxalenye yemanyano kunye nezizwe ezi-5 zaseYurophu.

[3] Olu hambo luyinxalenye yenkqubo yokuphonononga yenkampani yaseBritane yombiwa nzulu elwandle, ngokutsho kwiwebhusayithi yenkampani, kunye ne inkampani 2020 isishwankathelo sengxelo yokusingqongileyo Iinkcukacha zokubandakanyeka kwe-UK Seabed Resources 'kwi-Smartex ukususela ekusekweni kunye nokubhekiselele "kukuzinikela okubalulekileyo" kwenkampani kwiprojekthi. Umnqweno weNkampani wokusuka kuphononongo uye kuxhatshazo ubonakaliswe kwingxelo ye-UK Seabed Resources Iimfuno zoluntu zokuba oorhulumente bavumele imigodi enzulu elwandle ngokukhawuleza. Abasebenzi ababini base-UK Seabed Resources, kuquka noMlawuli wayo uChristopher Willams, ba zidweliswe njengenxalenye yeqela leprojekthi yeSmartex. Aba bameli beenkampani zemigodi baye bazimasa uthethathethwano lwe-International Seabed Authority njengenxalenye yegqiza likaRhulumente wase-UK (USteve Persall ngo-2018UChristopher Williams amaxesha amaninzi, nangona kunjalo yokugqibela ngoNovemba 2022). Olu hambo luvula indlela yokuba inkampani yaseBritane yezimayini enzulu elwandle ivavanye izixhobo zemigodi kamva ngo-2023. uhambo olucwangcisiweyo lokulandelela ngo-2024 emva kovavanyo lwemigodi

[4] UKSR ichazwe utshintsho lwalo lwamva nje lobunini njengenxalenye yotshintsho ukusuka kwimisebenzi yokuhlola "ukuya kwindlela ethembekileyo yokuxhaphaza," nangona isigqibo sokuvula ulwandle ukuya kwimigodi sixhomekeke koorhulumente. Loke, inkampani yaseNorway ethenga i-UKSR, ichaze le ntshukumo njenge "ukuqhubela phambili kwendalo yentsebenziswano eqinileyo ekhoyo phakathi kwe-UK neNorway kwishishini le-oyile kunye negesi elingaphesheya".

[5] UKSR yayi, kude kube ngoku, ephethwe yingalo yase-UK yenkampani yase-US i-Lockheed Martin. Ngomhla we-16 ka-Matshi, i-Loke Marine Minerals ibhengeze ukuthengwa kwe-UKSR. Usihlalo weLoke uHans Olav Hide uthe Reuters: "Sinemvume kuRhulumente wase-UK ... Injongo yethu kukuqalisa ukuvelisa ukusuka ngo-2030."

umthombo
Iifoto: Greenpeace

Ibhalwe ngu option

Inketho yinto enqwenelekayo, ezimeleyo ngokupheleleyo kunye neqonga leendaba zentlalo yehlabathi ngokuzinzileyo kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni, olusekelwe kwi-2014 nguHelmut Melzer. Sisonke sibonisa ezinye iindlela ezilungileyo kuzo zonke iinkalo kwaye sixhasa iinguqulelo ezinentsingiselo kunye nemibono ejonge phambili - eyakhayo-ebalulekileyo, enethemba, phantsi emhlabeni. Ukhetho loluntu luzinikele kuphela kwiindaba ezifanelekileyo kunye namaxwebhu enkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo eyenziwe luluntu lwethu.

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