Imbuyekezo ye-CO2: "Inkohliso enobungozi yetrafikhi yomoya"

Ngaba ndingakususa nje ukukhutshwa kwam ukuba andifuni ukukhetha phakathi kohambo lomoya kunye nokukhuselwa kwemozulu? Hayi, utshilo uThomas Fatheuer, owayesakuba yintloko yeofisi ye-Heinrich Böll Foundation eBrazil kunye nomsebenzi weZiko loPhando noXwebhu eChile-Latin America (I-FDCL). Kudliwanondlebe kunye noPia Voelker, uyacacisa ukuba kutheni.

Igalelo ngu UPia Voelker "Umhleli nengcali kwiGen-ethische Netzwerk eV kunye nomhleli wephephancwadi elikwiintanethi lelizwe jikelele"

I-Pia Voelker: Mnu Fatheuer, ukuhlawulwa kwembuyekezo sele kusasazekile kwaye kuyasetyenziswa kwitrafikhi yomoya. Uyijonga njani le ngcamango?

UThomas Fatheuer: Umbono wembuyekezo usekwe kwingcinga yokuba i-CO2 ilingana ne-CO2. Ngokwalo mgaqo, ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2 kumandla omlilo wefosili kungatshintshwa kugcinwe i-CO2 kwizityalo. Umzekelo, ihlathi libuyiselwa kumthi ukuze kwenziwe intlawulo. I-CO2 egciniweyo emva koko ilinganiswa ngokuchasene nokukhutshwa kwindlela yezomoya. Nangona kunjalo, oku kudibanisa imijikelezo emibini eyahlukileyo.

Ingxaki ethile kukuba sitshabalalise kakhulu amahlathi kunye nezinto eziphilayo zendalo kwihlabathi liphela, kunye nezinto eziphilayo. Kungenxa yoko le nto kufuneka siyeke ukugawulwa kwamahlathi okanye sibuyisele amahlathi kunye nezinto eziphilayo. Kubonwa kwihlabathi liphela, ayingombane ongezelelweyo onokusetyenziselwa ukubuyekeza.

IVoelker: Ngaba zikhona iiprojekthi zembuyekezo ezisebenza ngakumbi kunezinye?

I-Fatheuer: Iiprojekthi ezizodwa zinokusebenza ngokukuko. Nokuba zisebenza ngenjongo enentsingiselo ngomnye umbuzo. I-Atmosfair, umzekelo, ngokuqinisekileyo iyaziwa kwaye inedumela lokuxhasa iiprojekthi ezixhamlisa abo basakhasayo ngokukhuthaza iinkqubo ze-agro-forestry kunye ne-agro-ecology.

IVoelker: Uninzi lwezi projekthi lwenziwa kumazwe akuMazantsi eSizwe. Ukujongwa kwihlabathi liphela, nangona kunjalo, uninzi lokukhutshwa kweCO2 kubangelwa kumazwe ahambele phambili. Kutheni kungekho mbuyekezo apho kubangela khona ukukhutshwa?

Fatheuer: Inxalenye yengxaki leyo. Kodwa isizathu silula: ukuhanjiswa okuqhelekileyo kubiza ixabiso eliphantsi kwi-Global South. Izatifikethi ezivela kwiiprojekthi zeREDD (Ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwamahlathi nokuDilizwa kwamaHlathi) kumazwe aseLatin America agxile ekunciphiseni ukugawulwa kwamahlathi zitshiphu kakhulu kunezatifikethi ezikhuthaza ukuhlengahlengiswa koosolusapho eJamani.

IVoelker: Abaxhasi bengcinga yembuyekezo bathi amalinge angasemva kweeprojekthi azami nje ukonga iigesi ezingcolisayo, kodwa bazama nokuphucula iimeko zokuhlala zabemi balapha. Ucinga ntoni ngayo?

I-Fatheuer: Inokuba yinyani ngokweenkcukacha, kodwa ayisiyonyani na ukunyanga ukuphuculwa kweemeko zokuhlala kwabantu njengohlobo lwesiphumo esibi? Kwi-jargon yobugcisa ibizwa ngokuba yi "Non-Carbon-Benefits" (NCB). Yonke into ixhomekeke kwi-CO2!

IVoelker: Inokwenza ntoni imbuyekezo ye-CO2 kumlo ochasene notshintsho lwemozulu?

I-Fatheuer: Akukho gram enye ye-CO2 encinci ekhutshwe ngembuyekezo, ngumdlalo we-zero-sum. Imbuyekezo ayisebenzi ukunciphisa, kodwa kokonga ixesha.

Umxholo unika inkohliso eyingozi yokuba sinokuqhubeka ngolonwabo kwaye sisombulule yonke into ngembuyekezo.

IVoelker: Ucinga ukuba yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe?

I-Fatheuer: Ukugcwala komoya akufuneki kuqhubeke nokukhula. Umceli mngeni wokuhamba ngenqwelomoya kunye nokukhuthaza ezinye iindlela kufanele kube yinto ephambili.

Ezi mfuno zilandelayo, umzekelo, zinokubakho kwi-ajenda yexesha elifutshane kwi-EU.

• Zonke iinqwelomoya ezingaphantsi kwe-1000 km kufuneka ziyekwe, okanye ubuncinci zonyuswe ngexabiso.
• Uthungelwano loololiwe baseYurophu kufuneka lukhuthazwe ngamaxabiso enza ukuba uhambo lukaloliwe luye kuthi ga kwi-2000 km ngexabiso eliphantsi kuneenqwelo-moya.

Kwixesha eliphakathi, injongo kufuneka ibe ukunciphisa ngokuthe ngcembe ukugcwala komoya. Sikwafuna ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezinye izibaso. Nangona kunjalo, oku akufuneki kubandakanya "i-biofuels", kodwa endaweni yoko, iperosene yokwenziwa, umzekelo, eveliswa kusetyenziswa umbane kumandla omoya.

Ngenxa yento yokuba akukho rhafu yeparafini inyanzeliswayo kwezopolitiko ngalo mzuzu, umbono onje ubonakala ungathathi ntweni.

"Njengokuba kukhula ukugcwala komoya, imbuyekezo ayiyiyo impendulo echanekileyo."

Ndingacinga nje ngembuyekezo ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile njengegalelo elibonakalayo ukuba ibinokufakwa kwisicwangciso esicacileyo sokuthotywa. Kwiimeko zanamhlanje, ayisiyonto inomdla kuba igcina ukukhula kwemodeli. Logama ikhula itrafikhi yomoya, imbuyekezo yimpendulo engeyiyo.

UThomas Fatheuer Intloko kwiofisi yaseBrazil ye-Heinrich Böll Foundation eRio de Janeiro. Uhlale eBerlin njengombhali kunye nomcebisi ukusukela ngo-2010 kwaye usebenza kwiZiko loPhando kunye namaXwebhu eChile-Latin America.

Udliwanondlebe lwavela okokuqala kwiphephancwadi elikwi-intanethi “okwexeshana”: https://nefia.org/ad-hoc-international/co2-kompensation-gefaehrliche-illusionen-fuer-den-flugverkehr/