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IKhomishini ye-EU ifuna ukubonisa isindululo sokhuselo oluthe kratya kutyalo-mali olunqamlezayo kwimarike yangaphakathi ye-EU ekwindla ka-2021, enokuqulatha izinto zenkqubo entsha yeqela lezomthetho phakathi kwe-EU. Kwi-2018, iNkundla yezoBulungisa yaseYurophu (i-ECJ) yabhengeza inkqubo yakudala yamatyala angaphakathi eqela le-EU ukuba alihambelani nomthetho we-EU. (1)
Ngokwolwazi oluvela kwiKhomishini ye-EU efumanekayo e-Attac, urhulumente wase-Austrian ukhankasela elona lungelo likhulu lamalungelo akhethekileyo kunye nenkundla yakhe ekhethekileyo yemibutho. Inkqubo ye- Iprofayile yemagazini okwangoku unika ingxelo yokuba uMphathiswa wezoQoqosho uSchramböck unethemba "lenkqubela phambili ekhawulezileyo" kunye "nesiphakamiso esiphakamileyo".
Ngokuka-Attac, i-Austria iphelise esinye sezivumelwano ezindala ezingekho mthethweni ze-EU- kuyacaca kuba Iibhanki zaseAustria ukuba namatyala akhoyo ngoku. (3) Ngokwahlukileyo, amazwe angama-23 e-EU ebesele enezivumelwano ezifanelekileyo zotyalo-mali phakathi kwabo ngoMeyi 2020 iphelisiwe.
"Urhulumente uyalibazisa ukuphela kobulungisa obuhambelana ne-EU-yangaphakathi de abe uphumeze indawo ebambela iimfuno zoluntu ngendlela eyiyo," ugxeke u-Iris Frey wase-Attac Austria. “Kodwa amalungelo awodwa okuthatha inxaxheba kwimibutho yabucala asongela umgaqo-nkqubo ngenjongo yokunceda wonke umntu kwaye awuhambelani nentando yesininzi. I-Attac ke ifuna urhulumente ukuba akhankasele ukuphela kwawo nawaphi na amalungelo akhethekileyo e-EU nakwihlabathi liphela.
Isifundo esitsha: Imibutho yezorhwebo ifuna eyayo inkundla ngomthetho wayo
a isifundo esitsha iBrussels esekwe kwi-NGO Corporate Europe Observatory (i-CEO) ityhila iphulo lokunyanzelisa iminyaka emibini ziibhanki, iinkampani kunye neenkampani zomthetho ukunyanzelisa amalungelo amatsha abatyali zimali kunye nolawulo olukhethekileyo kwi-EU. “Ukuba imibutho inendlela yayo, inkundla entsha, ekhethekileyo ye-EU inokunyanzela oorhulumente be-EU ukuba bahlawulele amashishini ngemali eninzi ngemithetho emitsha yokukhusela abasebenzi, abathengi kunye nokusingqongileyo. Umngcipheko kwezemali ungabathintela oorhulumente ekulawuleni iimfuno zoluntu, ”ugxeka umbhali wesifundo uPia Eberhardt osuka kwiCEO.
Kwaye kubandakanya enye Iphepha leengxoxo zeKhomishini ngoSeptemba 2020 iinketho ezixhalabisayo. Oku kubandakanya amalungelo abatyali mali abanzi kunye nokudala inkundla ekhethekileyo yotyalo-mali kwimibutho kwinqanaba le-EU. Ikhomishini ikwaqwalasele ukudala amalungelo amatsha amatsha abanokuthi bangenelele ngawo ekulungiseleleni izigqibo zopolitiko kwangaphambi kwexesha.
Iibhanki ezinkulu kunye nomzi mveliso omkhulu ngokukodwa osebenzayo / Iqela le-Erste kunye ne-Austrian Chamber of Commerce nayo inyanzelisa amalungelo awodwa
Ngokutsho kwesifundo se-CEO, bekukho iintlanganiso ezilishumi elinambini zabaphembeleli beenkampani kunye neKhomishini ye-EU kwi2019 kunye ne2020, apho bafuna inkundla entsha yamaqela. Iqela le-Erste kunye ne-Austrian Chamber of Commerce (4) nayo yatyhala Inkqubo yokubonisana kumalungelo akhethekileyo. Iibhanki ezinkulu zaseJamani, uMbutho weeBhanki zaseYurophu, indawo yokuhlala yabanini zabelo baseJamani kunye namaqela okuphembelela amashishini afana neShishiniIYurophu kunye ne-AFEP yaseFrance babekhuthele ngokukodwa ekuphembeleleni. Umyalezo wabo: Ngaphandle kwamalungelo awodwa okusebenza kwi-EU, abatyali-mali bebengayi kuba "nokhuselo olwaneleyo olusemthethweni" kwaye ke banokutyala imali ngaphandle kwe-EU.
Akukho bungqina bakho nakuphi na ukusilela kubatyali mali kwi-EU
Ku-Pia Eberhardt, eli qhinga lokukhohlisa liyabuphikisa ubunyani: “Akukho zimpawu zaluphi na ucalucalulo olucwangcisiweyo ngokuchasene nabatyali bamanye amazwe kumazwe e-EU anokuthi athethelele inkqubo yabo yobulungisa efanayo. Kwimarike enye ye-EU, abatyali mali banokuthembela kuluhlu olude lwamalungelo kunye nokukhuselwa, kubandakanya nelungelo lepropathi, ukungacalucaluli, ukumanyelwa ligunya likarhulumente, kunye nesisombululo esisebenzayo kunye nokuvavanywa ngokufanelekileyo.
Nakuphi na ukusilela kulawulo lomthetho elizweni kufuneka kuphuculwe ngokusisiseko kuye wonke umntu, endaweni yokudala amalungelo amatsha asemthethweni kwinani elincinci lemibutho esele inamandla kwaye sele ikhuselwe ethintela inkululeko yedemokhrasi yokusebenza, ifuna i-Attac.
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(1) Kwisigwebo se-Achmea ngo-Matshi 6, 2018, i-ECJ igwebe ukuba amagatya olamlo kwizivumelwano zotyalo-mali kwi-EU azingqinelani nomthetho we-EU. Izivumelwano zotyalo-mali lwe-Intra-EU (BITs) ekuqaleni zazigqitywa phakathi kwe-EU neMpuma Yurophu ye-EU emva kokuwa kweSoviet Union kwaye zange ipheliswe xa la mazwe ajoyina i-EU. Ngaphambi kwesigwebo se-ECJ, iKhomishini ye-EU yayisele ithathe umbono wezomthetho wokuba izivumelwano zotyalo-mali ezihambelanayo zaphula umthetho we-EU kwaye zaqala iinkqubo zokophula umthetho ngokuchasene ne-Austria kwangoko ngo-2015.
(2) Kuyaphawuleka ukuba urhulumente wase-Bierlein wazivuma izivumelwano ezihambelana nokupheliswa kwamazwe aliqela e-EU ngoDisemba 18, 2019 kwaye waqalisa amanyathelo afanelekileyo okusayina.
(3) Amatyala amane e-ISDS ngamabhanki aseOstriya ngokuchasene neCroatia kungoku alindile phambi kwenkundla yamatyala. IRaiffeisenbank, iBhanki i-Erste, iAddiko Bank kunye neBhanki yase-Austria zixhomekeke kumalungelo awodwa ezenzo ukumela umdla wabo. Zisekwe kwisivumelwano sotyalo-mali sase-Austrian neCroatia. Ukuba i-Austria ibityikitye isivumelwano sokupheliswa kwamazwe amaninzi nge-5 kaMeyi ka-2020, i-Austria ne-Croatia ziya kunyanzeleka ukuba zazise iinkundla zamatyala kwisibhengezo esidibeneyo sokuba isigatya somlamli ekuvunyelwene ngaso kwisivumelwano sotyalo-mali asisebenzi.
Inani lilonke le-11 le-25 le-ISDS eyaziwayo evela kwimibutho yase-Austrian isekwe kwizivumelwano zotyalo-mali lwangaphakathi e-EU. Umzekelo, i-EVN AG yamangalela iBulgaria ngo-2013 kuba yayivakalelwa kukuba yayihlelelekile ngokwezimali ngurhulumente waseBulgaria xa kufikwa kumba wokubeka amaxabiso ombane kunye nokuhlawulela amandla ahlaziyekayo.
(4) Chamber of Commerce: "Kuphela" yimfundo "amanyathelo ngokuchasene namazwe angabalulekanga kubatyali mali. Abatyalomali kufuneka banelungelo kwimbuyekezo yezinto eziphathekayo. "
Izityholo zabatyali zimali ngokuchasene namazwe ziye zanda ngokukhawuleza kwihlabathi liphela kule minyaka idlulileyo. Ngaphezulu kwe-2020 yamatyala ayesaziwa ngoDisemba 1100. Zijikeleze iipesenti ezingama-20 zezi zingenisiweyo ngesivumelwano se-EU-EU.
Photo / Ividiyo: Shutterstock.
