Helmut Melzer
"Wese munhu aifunga kuti makomputa epamba ndechimwe chinhu chinotonhorera, asi chete chemahara chaiwo. Makanaka 20 makore akafunga izvozvo. Iyo 3D printer iri kuita zvakafanana. Hapana anodhinda itsvo patsva rekicheni. Asi izvozvo hazvireve kuti hazvigoneke. "- 2009 yaive Michael Curry's avid chief designer kuMakerbot Industries, kutanga kwaida kugadzirisa nyika. Pfungwa yehungwaru yevakawanikwa Bre Pettis, Zach Hoeken naAdam Mayer: "Tinounza michina yaive nemafirimendi uye yaive isina kukosha padhesiki." Panzvimbo ye200.000 madhora, mashini madiki anofanirwa kungoita 200 madhora.
Ne miniaturization yeiyo yakatogadzirwa naChuck Hull (3D Systems), asi kunyanya yekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri 3D printa, iwe waida kutevera tsoka dzaSteve Jobs. Aive akaita zvimwe chete neApple, akachinja iyo yaive mainframe komputa mumakomputa madiki epamba. Iye zvino VaMatebot CEO Bre Pettis aida kuve guru nyowani reDhijitari Age. Izvo hazvina kushanda: panguva ino, iye uye vazhinji vevamwe vanobatanidzwa vese vari kurasikirwa nemabasa. Stratasys, iyo kambani inoita iyo huru maindasitiri 3D mapurasitiki, yakangotenga Makerbot - mushure mezvose, inosimudza 604 mamirioni emadhora.
Kune rimwe divi, Max Lobovsky, akabatana nevamwe David Cranor naNatan Linder papuratifomu yakakura kwazvo yenyika, Kickstarter, vane mikana yekubudirira mabasa. Mukati memazuva ma2011 chete, maFomlabs avo ekutanga akasimudza $ 30 mamirioni emadhora kuti agadzire printer yepamberi ye2,9D. Asi Lobovsky ane zvimwe zvinonetsekana izvozvi: 3D Systems, iyo chaiyo inowanikwa yekudhinda ye3D, inomhan'ara mhosva yekutyora mamwe emvumo yayo ye3.
INFO: 3D kudhinda
Muvambi wekudhinda we3D ndiUS-American Chuck Hull wekambani 3D Systems, akatonyoresa patent yekutanga 1986.
Iyo tekinoroji yekugadzirisa 3D mapuratifomu anoshanda seizvi: A digital template inotumirwa kune 3D printer, iyo inoburitsa chinhu chinhu nedura. Kusiyanisa kunofanirwa kuve kwakaitwa pakati penzira dzinoverengeka: Yakamanikidzwa Kuumbwa Modeling, semuenzaniso, inotakura madonhwe emadhora emvura epurasitiki. Iyo yakanyanya kukura stereolithography fuses maini kana simbi uchishandisa lasers. Mune nzira dzakapfuura dze3D kudhinda, chete zvinhu zvemunhu oga zvinoshandiswa, Hewlett-Packard yakaratidza mukupera kwaGumiguru 2014 anodhinda 3D, mune zvakasiyanasiyana zvinhu zvemvura zvinosanganiswa.
Vaprinta ve3 vari kutoyedzwa zvakare kugadzirwa kwechikafu: 2014 yaida kuwana yekutanga "Natural Machines" kuburikidza nehuwandu hwekutsvaga mari Kickstarter 100.000 Dollar kugadzirwa kweFoodini. Iyo mudziyo inofanirwa kukwanisa kugadzira rakasiyana-siyana dhishi, kubva kuzere ravioli kusvika burger uye pizzas, apo ichibatsira kune hutano kudya. Kunyangwe chete ma80.000 madhora akaungana, iyo printer yezvokudya ichauya mumusika gore rino.
Chainyanya kukosha yaive 3D yakadhindwa neUS anistist Cody Wilson, uyo akaburitsa 2014's Liberator, yekutanga-yakadhindwa pfuti, akaibudirira kuyedza pakamera. Munzvimbo dzakawanda, saka, kudhindwa kwezvikamu zvezvombo mu 3D printer zvinorambidzwa. Mamwe maficha anonakidza anosanganisira kugadzirwa kwemaoko nemakumbo emakumbo emabhonzo pamwe nemutengo wekushandisa wemadhora mashoma.
Prototype replicator
Iyo yakaziviswa tekinoroji inoenderera inoenderera, zvisinei. Naye hazvichisiri nezve mabhaidhi edijiti, asi maatomu. Iyo inodhindisa kubva kuStar Trek SciFi nhevedzano muenzaniso wakanaka weiyo 3D printer: inoita kuti igone kugadzira chero chinhu chakambonyorwa kana chakarongwa mune yayo atomiki mamiriro. Ehe, iyo tekinoroji yekuchinja haina kunyanyisa kusvika pari zvino, asi ma3D mapurogiramu anogona kutoita chimwe chinhu chisingafungidzirwe: Ivo vanogadzira zvikamu zvemotokari pamwe nendege, maprosthes, yakazara pfuti uye kunyange nhengo.
Mhedzisiro yeinotevera tekinoroji yekuchinja
Kunze kwezvinyorwa zvinehunhu, mhedzisiro yekudhindisa kwe3D haionekwi mberi. Kunyanya, zvivakwa zvehupfumi zvinogona kuchinja zvachose. Shopping? What nokuti? Zvichida mumakore gumi 'yenguva zvinhu zvese zvichadhindwa kunze kwemusha - nemhedzisiro yakaipa kune vagadziri, hauta uye zvimwe zvese zvikamu zvehupfumi. Asi pamwe kusimudzira uku ndedzimwe nhanho dzinoenda ku ecology? Izvi zvakare zvinogona kuunza ramangwana: hapana kuwanda, asi zvese zviri kudiwa, zvinoreva zvakare kuchengetedza zviwanikwa uye pamwe nekuderedzwa zvakanyanya nzira dzekutakura.
"3D maprinta anozoshandiswa zvakanyanya se" hubs "mune ramangwana. Saka senzvimbo dzakakamurwa dzechizvarwa chitsva, apo vagadziri nevagadziri vanosangana. Mukana wakakwira wekuti 3D inodzvinyirira haikunde munharaunda dzakavanzika, asi mumubatanidzwa wedunhu, ”akadaro Harry Gatterer weZukunftsinstitut achigutsikana. "Pamazhinji mazinga, izvo zvine musoro kuti simba kana zviwanikwa zviripo uye nenjere dzikabhadharwa. Izvi zvinoshandura bhizinesi kubva kune yakawanda yekugadzira kuenda kuchirongwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, tsika dzekirasi dzinoramba dzakasimudzwa munzvimbo zhinji nekuti kwete zvese zvigadzirwa zvinogona kududzirwa muma 3D maitiro. "Chiyero chacho chinova chinonakidza."
Kupera kwechirongwa TV
Asi ngatiregei kufunga kure kusvika mune ramangwana, ratovepo. Iyo tekinoroji shanduko, semuenzaniso, iri kupidigura midzi midzi yekufunga kumusoro. Epub, Mp3, Avi uye nemamwe mabhuku ese edhijitari, mimhanzi uye mafirimu mafomati ari kutodhirowa mutsetse pasi pechisimba kushandiswa kwekwidzi kodzero dzekodzero. Keyword: flat chiyero. Nevanopa vakaita seNetflix, Spotify & Co, echinyakare TV neredhiyo zvirongwa zvinotyisidzirwa nekukurumidza kupera. Iyo ramangwana kushandiswa kusvikira iwe wadonha, riini uye kupi kwandinoda - zvizere zviri pamutemo pamutengo wakasarudzika wemwedzi.
Kunyangwe Ari Reichental, CEO we3D Systems, iyo iri kutyisidzira kukonzeresa kukanganiswa kwezvibodzwa ne3D yekutanga kudhinda maFomu, akati: "Makambani mazhinji nemasangano akaumbwa kuti adzivirire uye adzivirire zvinhu zvavo zveuchenjeri. Izvi hazvisi kuripo nanhasi. Mutemo wepatent uye copyright zvinopera basa. Ivo vanomanikidza makambani kuti aite zvisina musoro. "Isu tinofanirwa kuita zvinhu zvisingaenderane nemaonero edu."
Technology shanduko VR: Rega kushandisa zvigadzirwa?
Kumwe kukura kukuru ndiko VR (Virtual Reality) magirazi, ayo pakupedzisira anotsvedza kupinda munyika yedhijitari - mu3D uye cinema mhando nema sensors ayo anogadzirisa iwo mufananidzo kutungamira kwekufamba kwemusoro. Yekutanga Oculus Rift - 2014 yakatenga zvakapotsa 400 mamirioni uye 1,6 mabhiriyoni emadhora muzvikamu zve Facebook - yave kuda kupinda mumusika wemhando yekutanga. Kunyangwe iyo pakutanga yakarongerwa vatambi vemakomputa nemitambo yemitambo, asi inogona kukonzeresa kusvetuka mu "virtual Revolution". Fungidzira izvi: Kamwe kamwe zvigadzirwa senge mbozhanhare hadzifanirwe kuitwa kuti dzive zvinodhura, asi zviri kuita sezvakamboita. Izvi hazvingogadziri zvaimbove zvisingafungidzike mukana, asi zvinogonawo kuderedza zvakanyanya pasirese zvakasviba nezvinhu zvemukati zvinodiwa. Kune chivakwa chei hofisi, kana iyo hofisi yedhijitari ichinge yakatonyanya kunaka uye mumwe achigara padivi pacho? Kuedza mu boutique? Iyo chaiyo yega inoratidza kana inokodzera pamhepo kurongeka - pasina kusiya imba. Nekudaro, Gatterer weZukunftsinstitut haana chokwadi: "Zvinoenderana nekutarisa kwedu, VR magirazi acharamba ari musoro wenyaya. Kunyangwe iye akanyanya-kungwara mune dzakawanda niches uye chaizvo achigadzira yakawedzera kukosha. Pane nharo zhinji dzinopesana nekushandiswa kukuru muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Kutyora zvakavanzika, kukanganisa kwekusingaperi uye nekudaro (pane kuwedzera) kufunga kwakashomeka. "
INFO: Virtual Reality
Mune ramangwana, VR magirazi kubva kuOculus Rift, semuenzaniso, achagonesa nzira kupinda mune itsva chaiyo nyika. Chishandiso ichi chakagadzirwa pamwe nekukwanisa kuchinja kwetekinoroji neAmerican Palmer Luckey, ane kutanga "Oculus Rift" 2012 yakatora kutenderera kwema 2,5 mamiriyoni euros papuratifomu yemari Kickstarter. 2013 yakaburitsa michina yekutanga yekuvandudza, yekutanga modhi inotarisirwa mumugumo 2015 mumusika. Mutengo hausati wagadziriswa, shanduro yekuvandudza ikozvino inodhura 350 madhora.
Zvinhu zvinosarudza zveheti system ndeye huru yakakura nzvimbo yekutarisa uye kunyanya kukurumidza ma sensors, ayo anoita kuti zvive zvinobvira kuratidza mifananidzo inoenderana nenguva munguva mushure mekufamba kwemusoro. Iko kusanganiswa kwe3 axis gyroscope uye yekumhanyisa sensors, pamwe neiyo kamera yekuwedzera, yakagadzirirwa kupa kukurumidza kupindura kune kufamba asi iyo magnetometer inoshandiswa kunyatsoenderana nemufananidzo. Mune mamwe mazwi, mune iyo nyika yakajairika, munhu anozviona sezvaari chaizvo - mune 360 degree radius. Yakabatanidzwa nekugadziriswa kweHD, 3D mhedzisiro uye yakafanana inorongeka yekudzora inzwi, chiitiko chitsva chose chinogoneka.
MunaKurume, 2014 yakazivisa Facebook yekutora kweOculus VR nemutengo wekutenga kwemadhora emamiriyoni 400 emadhora mumari uye 1,6 mabhiriyoni emadhora mumigove yeFacebook. Naizvozvo, magirazi eVR haatarisirwe kuramba ari chigadzirwa uye nekukurumidza mhando dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa dzichawanikwa. Kunyangwe mitambo yemakomputa nemitambo yemitambo ichave yekutanga nzvimbo dzekushandisa, Facebook ine zvakawanda zvekutarisira maererano nekutaurirana uye zvekudyidzana pasocial.
Hutsva kutonga kweiyo chikamu chesimba
Lars Thomson anobva kuSwitzerland Office yeInovation neFuture Research ave achizivisa "system leap kuelekea kune akangwara michina" kwemakore: "Chekutanga pane zvese, vanhu vaitarisira michina, munguva pfupi ingangove iri imwe nzira yekutenderera." Munguva pfupi dzimba nedzekuvakira mabasa dzichabatana kuti dziite system yakazara , uyezve, shandira pamwe otomatiki zvirongwa paInternet. Maererano ne future futologist, kusvika ku700 pamunhu-zvinhu "zvichamhanya zvisingaoneki mumba -" smart grid "chete chikamu chayo. Muenzaniso: Iyo imba yekushandisa mota inowana chinzvimbo chemuridzi wayo kune imwe nharembozha yake uye inotaura kuti kudzoka kumba nekuda kwe chinhambwe hakuchina kubuda. Iyo sistimu inosarudza pachayo kuti iko kupisa hakuzotanga.
Nekudaro, "smart grid" inorevawo kune remangwana simba network, iyo inogona kukunda iyo misika yese yekufamba: Dambudziko razvino: simba, kunyanya simba rinowanikwazve, rinowanzogadzirwa kana pasina kudiwa kukuru. MuDenmark, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, mapurojekiti ekutyaira ari kuenderera mberi anoshandisa mota dzemagetsi sisitimu yekuchengetedza simba kuchengetedza simba pane zvakaderera uye nemitengo yakaderera, uye kuti iwane online painenge ichidikanwa peakakwira. Pari zvino ikozvino iri kufungwa zvinonzwika pamusoro pemotokari dzemahara, dzinoshanda chinangwa - sekuchengetedza simba.
Harry Gatterer weZukunftsinstitut pane ruzivo rwekuvandudza, simba rekuvandudza uye matambudziko chaiwo enguva yemberi.
"Kuputika kwedijitari yekutaurirana kune isu mune nyika umo isu takawandisa munzvimbo dzakawanda. Uku kudiwa kwakanyanya kunoita kuti vafunge kuti "zvese" zviri kuchinja nekuchinja "nekukurumidza". Ehe, shanduko iyi yakatonyanya kuita. Asi zvakare ichokwadi kuti zvigadzirwa izvo zvinosvika chaizvo uye "kuvandudza" hupenyu hwevanhu zvave kudzikira kubva kuma60s. Pasinei nekuti mapi emapi patents aripo, kana kuti mangani mapurogiramu matsva anooneka pamusika, izvo zvakawanda "zviitiko" zviri pachena zvakaderera uye zvishoma kubata kwatiri. Isu tiri zvakare munguva yekuziva kukuru kusaziva, izvo zvinonzwisisika zvizere.
Icho chokwadi chekuti isu tiri kusangana neruzhinji rwekusakara nzanga chinofanira kutiwisa kuti hazvisi zvese zvinongokurumidza kusvika. Iyo 60-yemakore-ese munharaunda haingogone kushanda paICE kasi. Asi nzanga yakura ine mukana wekuva nzanga yakachenjera. Izvo hazvifadze here?
Simba iro ratinoona rinomuka nekuda kwekusaenzana pakati "mukati" uye "kunze". Nyika yakatikomberedza haiwedzere kusimba asi kuomarara. Isu tinoona zvimwe zvakawanda zvinodzika munzira chero, uye padyo nemufananidzo mukuru. Isu hatitarise pamusoro pekufambisa uko kunotungamira kune makuru makuru, uye nekudarika-kududzira chero fuzzel inomira munzira yedu se "maitiro". Uye: Tinoda apocalypse, ndosaka isu pakarepo tichikwevera ramangwana rese repasi kubva kune zvigadzirwa zvehunyanzvi: Iwo magirazi edatha anotisiya isu tigare mune yakachena chaiyo nyika. Iyo RFID tekinoroji iyo inoshandura chero ruva remaruva mu "smart pot". Izvo hazvina musoro. Isu tinorarama tisingazive munyika yetekinoroji - nhasi, uye zvimwe mune ramangwana. Asi vanhu nevanhu uye yavo pfungwa ndivo vanozoshandisa matekinoroji. Uye saka isu ticha svikira isu matanho atisingakwanise kukunda. Isu zvakare tichakwevera miganhu isingagoni kudarika. Naizvozvo, nhasi zvine musoro kuti kambani yega yega itaure nezvehunyanzvi hwekugadzira. Kuve tekinoroji-inoshamwaridzana, kubata nayo, kuziva chokwadi chedigital. Izvo zvakakosha. Asi ipapo zvakare, usarerutsa zvinoitika munzanga. Yakawanda sei hurukuro yatakasangana nayo iyo nzvimbo yenzvimbo yakave yakave kunaka? Mukuita izvi, isu tinowana zvakanyatsopesana: zvakanyanya patinojijisa, uye zvakanyanya kukosha uye zvakakosha inova nzvimbo yemuviri, manzwiro, chiitiko, kubata kwenzvimbo uye ruzivo. Icho haptic, kwete chiitiko. Parizvino, dambudziko renharaunda yedu uye upfumi ndere kukura pamweya - kwete hunyanzvi. "
INFO: Tekinoroji yekuchinja: kuwedzera kugona
Real-nguva rokushandura
Basa rekushandura kwemagetsi panguva imwe chete rave kuita chairo: Google yave pedyo nekushandura nyika: Pasina chipinganidzo chemitauro yepasirese, nyika iri kukura pamwe chete, kusvika pakukuvadza kweindasitiri yeshanduro.
Ratidza & kushambadzira
Kuratidzwa, uye nekushambadzira, kunogona kuve kunowanikwa mune imwe nguva: mune tekisi, pamabhodhi, mune yepashure penzira. Asi zvinotoenderera mberi: Kuzivikanwa kwechiso uye acoustic kutarisisa kunoita kuti nzira yemunhu oga igone: "Mangwanani akanaka, Mr. Paul! Kune foni mbozha nyowani ... "Kukosha kwakanyanya kunogona kuverengerwa kunochinja-chinja, uko kunofanirwa kutungidzwa mune ramangwana, semuenzaniso.
E-mota sekuchengetedza magetsi
Mota yemagetsi yemahara kubva kune iye anopa magetsi? Iwo majenareta anoda kuchengetedza kugona ku "chengeta" peak inoda peak. Sezvo mota dzakavanzika dzichishandiswa paavhareji imwe chete pazuva, ivo vaigona - nepo vakakwenenzverwa mugeji yemagetsi - shanda seyakakura, yakachengetedzwa kuchengetwa. Traffic yese yega inogona kuchinja.
Smart machira
Iyo ndiyo tariro huru yeiyo indasitiri yemachira: machira epamusoro-mhando ane musanganiswa weakadzi machira uye microsensors, ayo anoyera uye nekuongorora zvinoitwa nemuviri wewavanopfeka uye nekuvatumira kumafoni nemimwe michina. Mamwe mabasa anogoneka: pachikumbiro, jira nyoro rinongoerekana raoma uye rakaoma - rakanakira tende.
