Kupara mhosva kwekufamba kwezvakatipoteredza

Kuratidzira kukuru kwemamiriro ekunze munhoroondo kwakapararira pasirese. Vamwe vanoona chinonzi kurarama democracy kune vamwe sekutyisidzira kuchengetedzeka kwenyika.

Izvo zvaitika mumigwagwa yeinenge pasirese nyika kubvira pakaitika ratidziro yemamiriro ekunze yepasirose mu1 zvakaita sekudengenyeka kwenyika. Mune inofungidzirwa nyika zana nemakumi mashanu, vanhu vari pakati pe2019 ne150 mamirioni vakaratidzira kururamisira kwemamiriro ekunze. Uye kumwe kuratidzira kuri kurongwa. Ndiko kuratidzira kukuru kwemamiriro ekunze munhoroondo, kana risiri iko kuratidzira kukuru kwazvo munhoroondo kuri kuitika parizvino.

Zvinoshamisa kuti kuratidzira kusvika parizvino kwave nerunyararo zvinoshamisa. MuParis munaGunyana 2019, vanofungidzirwa zana nemakumi mashanu vakafukidza varatidziri veblack bloc yakavhenganiswa nevane zviuru makumi mana kana zvakadaro varatidziri uye vakaedza kumutsa kuratidzira kwemamiriro ekunze. Akapwanya mahwindo, kupisa e-scooter, zvakapambwa zvitoro uye vanopfuura zana kusungwa ndizvo zvakaguma.

Gumiguru 2019 yaive yawedzera kusagadzikana kupfuura mamiriro ekunze Kuparadza Kupandukira inotora nzvimbo yekutengesa mu13th arrondissement kumaodzanyemba kweParis. 280 "vapanduki" vakasungwa pakuratidzira muLondon mushure mekuzvisunga ngetani kumota kuvharira traffic. Vanenge vanhu zviuru zvina vakaratidzira muBerlin uye vakavharawo traffic. Ipapo varatidziri vakatakurwa nemapurisa kana traffic yakadzoserwa.

Vakangwarira, vanoita zvemamiriro ekunze!

Kubva pazviitiko izvi, mushamarari anochengetedza terevhizheni wekuAmerica FoxNews akaruka mushumo "Boka revanyanyisi vezvemamiriro ekunze vakaremara zvikamu zveLondon, France neGerman". Ivo "vaizomanikidza nechisimba vezvematongerwo enyika kuti vadzikise gasi rinokanganisa kupisa". Asi hazvisi zveFox News chete, iyo FBI inozivawo kusvibisa nekupa mhosva vanoita zvematongerwo enyika. Akarongedza iyo yekupedzisira sekutyisidzira kwegandanga kwemakore. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, The Guardian yakaburitsa kuferefetwa kwehugandanga neFBI kurwisa varatidziri vane runyararo vekuUS. Zvakangoitikawo, kuferefeta uku kwakanyanya kuitika mumakore 2013-2014, pavakaratidzira vachipesana neCanada-American mafuta pombi Keystone XL.

MuGreat Britain, semuenzaniso, vatatu vanotsigira zvakatipoteredza avo vakaratidzira vachipesana nekugadzirwa kwegasi remweya shale imomo vakatongerwa chirango chakakura. Vechidiki vanoita zvematongerwo enyika vakatongerwa kugara mujeri kwemwedzi gumi nematanhatu kusvika gumi nemasere nekuda kwekukonzera kusagadzikana kwevanhu mushure mekukwira mumarori eCuadrilla. Sezvineiwo, kambani iyi yakanga ichangobva kubhadhara nyika madhora zviuru mazana maviri nemakumi matatu nematanhatu rezinesi rekuburitsa mweya weshale.

Sangano reUS NGO Global Witness rakaridza alarm yekupomera mhosva yezvematongerwo enyika muzhizha re2019. Iyo yakanyora kuuraya mazana gumi nematanhatu evarwi vezvakatipoteredza pasi rese mu164, inopfuura hafu yavo muLatin America. Kune zvakare mishumo yevasingaverengeke vamwe vanoita zvematongerwo enyika avo vakanyaradzwa nekusungwa, kutyisidzirwa nerufu, kumhan'arwa uye kumisikidzwa kumisheni. Iyo NGO inoyambira kuti kupara mhosva kwevashandi vepasi uye vezvemamiriro ekunze hakuna kumbogumira kumaodzanyemba kwepasi rose: "Pasi rese pane humbowo hwekuti hurumende nemakambani vari kushandisa matare nemaitiro emitemo sezvombo zvekudzvinyirira avo vanopinda munzira yemasimba masimba nezvido zvavo". MuHungary, mutemo wakaderedza kodzero dzemaNGO.

Kudzvinyirira uye kupara mhosva zvine ngozi zvakanyanya kusangano rezvakatipoteredza.Kunyangwe kusvibiswa kwevanhu veruzhinji sevamiriri vezvakatipoteredza se "eco-anarchists", "magandanga ezvakatipoteredza" kana "mhirizhonga yemamiriro ekunze kupfuura chero chaichoicho" chakakanganisa rutsigiro rweveruzhinji uye kutsiva kwakakodzera.
Muzvinafundo uye muongorori wemakakatanwa, Jacquelien van Stekelenburg anobva kuYunivhesiti yeAmsterdam haagone - kunze kwekumwe kukuvadzwa kwepfuma - kuwana chero mukana wechisimba kubva mukufamba kwemamiriro ekunze. Kubva pamaonero avo, zvakakosha kuti nyika iite tsika yekuratidzira uye kuti varongi vacho vane hunyanzvi zvakadii: "MuNetherlands, varongi vanomhan'arira mapurisa kuratidzira kwavo zvisati zvaitika vozogadzirisa hurongwa uhu pamwe chete. Ngozi yekuti kuratidzira uku kwadzikira ishoma. "

Kuseka, network uye matare

Kuseka kunoratidzika sechombo chakakurumbira pakati pevatsigiri vezvakatipoteredza. Funga nezve hombe gwenga reGreenpeace kumberi kwemahofisi makuru eOMV. Kana mushandirapamwe weGlobal 2000 "Tatsamwa", iyo inove nekuparadzira selfies nehuso hwakashata pane vezvenhau Kupera Kupandukira hakugone kurambwa kuseka futi. Mushure mezvose, vanogadzira hari dzemaruva, masofa, matafura, macheya uye - yekupedzisira asi isinga peri - areka yakagadzirwa nematanda muBerlin yekuvhara traffic.

Chero zvazvingaitika, inotevera inhanho yekukwira yekuratidzira kwemamiriro ekunze inoita kunge iri kuitika padanho repamutemo munyika ino. Mushure mekuziviswa kwemamiriro ekunze kuAustria, kwakaunzwa Greenpeace Austria pamwe ne Chishanu Chamangwana nyaya yekutanga yemamiriro ekunze pamberi peConstitutional Court nechinangwa chekubvisa mitemo inokuvadza mamiriro ekunze - senge mutemo weTempo 140 kana kuregererwa mutero weparafini. MuGerman, zvakare, Greenpeace iri kushandisa zvombo zviri pamutemo uye ichangobva kubudirira zvishoma zvishoma. MuFrance, mhosva yakafanana yakabudirira muna 2021.

Chero zvazvingava, Global 2000 inoona nhanho dzinotevera mukuunganidza, kuita netiweki uye masimba: "Tichaita zvese zvatinogona kusimbirira pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwemamiriro ekunze, kusanganisira mushandirapamwe, zvikumbiro, basa rezvenhau uye kana pasina izvozvo zvinobatsira, tichazofunga nezve matanho epamutemo. , "akadaro Campaigner Johannes Wahlmüller.

Zvirongwa zvaAllianz "Shanduko Yesystem, kwete Shanduko Yemamiriro ekunze", Mune masangano anopfuura zana nemakumi matatu, masangano uye zvirongwa zveAustria kufamba kwezvakatipoteredza zvakarongedzwa, zvakare zvinopa zvinotevera:" Ticharamba tichiisa kumanikidza kwakawanda nezviito zvedu uye takaona mbiru dzemamiriro ekunze-asina kunaka matongerwo enyika eAustria akadaro. seyakavakirwa mota uye indasitiri yendege. "Uyu mubatanidzwa wakabata chinzvimbo chakakosha nekumukira kweEuropean kwerunyararo rwemamiriro ekunze" By130WeRiseUp ".
Chekupedzisira asi chisiri chidiki, iwo maChishanu eRamangwana anozviona sesangano risingaite zvemhirizhonga, iro kuratidzira kwavo pasirese kwakavakirwa pamisimboti yeJemez yezvematongerwo enyika. Izvi zvekare zvinoyeuchidza Woodstock kupfuura chero mhando ipi yeanogona radicalization.

Chero zvazvingaitika, hapana humbowo hwemhirizhonga kana kuda kushandisa mhirizhonga mubato reAustria renharaunda. Izvi zvinosimbiswa kwete zvishoma nemushumo wekudzivirirwa kwebumbiro, umo musina kutaurwa nezvekutyisidzira kubva kune vanoita zvematongerwo enyika. Kungofanana nediki mushumo wehugandanga weEuropol. Kunyangwe Kupera Kwekupandukira, uko kunonzi kuda kushandisa mhirizhonga kunokonzeresa kufungidzira, kwakabviswa neHofisi yeGerman yeKudzivirirwa kweMutemo wezvematongerwo enyika. Mune chirevo chazvino, chakazivisa kuti pakanga pasina humbowo hwekuti ichave sangano rinopfurikidza mwero.

Zvese mune zvese, muEurope - kusanganisira Austria - mazwi akasarudzika anogona kunzwika achifungidzira nezve inogona kuitika radicalization yesangano rezvakatipoteredza, asi izvi hazvina hukama nehukuru chaihwo hwekufamba. Uye mukana wemhirizhonga unobva mairi hauna kana hukama neuyo unobva mukundikana kwesangano iri, i.e. shanduko yemamiriro ekunze pachayo nemhedzisiro yayo.

Nzvimbo yekubikira

Munyika dzichiri kusimukira uye dzichiri kusimukira, ikozvino zvave pachena kuti kuputika kwemubatanidzwa wezviitiko zvemamiriro ekunze zvakanyanyisa, kushaikwa kwemvura, kusanaya kwemvura nekushomeka kwechikafu kune rimwe divi uye zvinogona kusimba, zvematongerwo enyika zvine hunyanzvi kune rumwe rutivi. Saizvozvowo, kuwedzera munyika ino kwaigona kungotarisirwa chete kana kuvimba mumasangano eruzhinji kwakaparadzwa zvachose uye kushomeka kwezviwanikwa kwakapararira.

Pakupedzisira, munyika ino, mhando yedemokrasi ndiyo yechisarudzo chekubudirira kana kukundikana kwekufamba kwemamiriro ekunze. Pakupedzisira, inosarudza kana varatidziri vakatakurwa nemapurisa kana kusungwa, kuti mapurojekiti makuru ekuvaka akaitwa pamwe kana pasina kutora chikamu kwevanhu uye kana hurumende dzikwanise kuvhota nenzira kwayo. Sezvineiwo, kufamba kwenzvimbo kuchabatsira vezvematongerwo enyika kuti vazvisunungure kubva kumatambudziko ema lobbies.

Iwo mashanu emazinga ekupara mhosva kwepasi uye kufamba kwenzvimbo

Smear mishandirapamwe uye maitiro ekuzvidza
Makemikari etsvina uye maitiro ekuzvidza pane vezvenhau anoratidza vezvakatipoteredza senhengo dzematsotsi, magandanga, kana magandanga anotyisidzira kuchengetedzeka kwenyika. Aya maitiro anowanzo simbiswazve nerusarura uye kutaura kweruvengo.

Mhosva dzemhosva
Vanochengetedza zvakatipoteredza nemasangano avo vanowanzo kupomerwa mhosva dzisina kujeka dzakadai se "kukanganisa runyararo rwevanhu", "kudarika", "kurangana", "kumanikidza" kana "kukurudzira". Kuziviswa kwenzvimbo yechimbichimbi kunowanzo shandiswa kudzora kuratidzira kune runyararo.

Kusunga mvumo
Zvisungo zvekusungwa zvinopihwa zvakadzokororwa kunyangwe paine humbowo husina kusimba kana husina chokwadi. Dzimwe nguva vanhu havataurwe mairi, izvo zvinotungamira kune iro boka rese kana nharaunda kupomedzerwa mhosva. Kusungwa mvumo inowanzo ramba yakamirira, zvichisiya vanopomerwa vari panjodzi yekugara vakasungwa.

Kuvharirwa zvisiri pamutemo
Muchuchisi anopa kuchengetedzwa kusati kwatanga kutongwa kunogona kutora makore akati wandei. Vanochengetedza ivhu uye vezvakatipoteredza kazhinji havagone kuwana rubatsiro rwemutemo kana vaturikiri vematare. Kana vakasunungurwa, havawanzo kubhadharwa.

Misa kupara mhosva
Masangano edziviriro ezvemamiriro ekunze aifanira kutsungirira zvisiri pamutemo kuongororwa, kupambwa kana kurwiswa nevapambi, izvo zvakakonzera kunyoreswa uye kudzorwa kwemari kwavari nenhengo dzavo. Masangano evagari vemagweta nemagweta avo vakarwiswa, kusungwa uye kutourayiwa.

Ongorora: Global Witness yanga ichinyora nyaya pasi rose umo masangano ekumaruwa uye ezvakatipoteredza pamwe nevanhu venzvimbo iyi vakapara mhosva kwemakore makumi maviri nematanhatu. Aya makesi anoratidza zvimwe zvakafanana, izvo zvakapfupikiswa mumatanho mashanu aya. Kwayaka: globalwitness.org

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