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The dera nthabwala: dera si zachilengedwe

Nthabwala zachigawo - organic vs regional products

Mawu omveka m'chinenero chokoma kwambiri, zithunzi za ng'ombe zokhutira zikudya udzu wobiriwira m'malo okongola a alpine - pankhani ya chakudya, akatswiri otsatsa malonda amakonda kutiuza za moyo wakumidzi, womwe umakhala wachikondi. Ogulitsa zakudya ndi opanga onse ali okondwa kwambiri kuyang'ana kwambiri komwe zinthu zawo zidachokera. Ogula amachigwira.

"Kafukufuku wambiri akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa chidwi pazakudya zam'madera ndipo amalankhula za madera omwe akuti adagwirizana ndi zomwe zikuchitika pakadali pano," alemba Melissa Sarah Ragger mu 2018 muzolemba za mbuye wake pazifukwa zogulira zigawo. zakudya. Chifukwa's Biomarkt imatchula kafukufuku yemwe sanatchulidwe kuyambira 2019, yemwe akuti awonetsa "kwa ogula omwe adafunsidwa. Bio komanso kukhazikika kumachita gawo locheperako kuposa chiyambi cha Austria komanso dera lazakudya. "

Zoyambira m'chigawo zidachulukira

Ndizosadabwitsa: Chakudya chochokera m'derali chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba komanso opangidwa mwachilungamo kwa anthu ndi nyama. Kuphatikiza apo, siziyenera kunyamulidwa ndi theka la dziko lapansi. Zogulitsa zachigawo zimagulitsidwanso ndikuzindikiridwa moyenera. Koma: kodi chakudya chochokera kuderali ndichabwinodi? Mu 2007, Agrarmarkt Austria (AMA) inawerengera CO2 kuipitsidwa kwa zakudya zapayekha. Mphesa zochokera ku Chile zinali ochimwa kwambiri nyengo ndi 7,5 kg ya CO2 pa kilogalamu ya zipatso. Apulosi wa ku South Africa ankalemera 263 magalamu, poyerekeza ndi 22 magalamu a apulo wa Styrian.

Komabe, kuwerengera kwina kuchokera mu kafukufukuyu kukuwonetsanso kuti mpweya wochepa wa CO2 ungapulumutsidwe ponseponse pofikira zakudya zakumadera. Malinga ndi AMA, ngati anthu onse a ku Austrian atasintha theka la chakudya chawo ndi zinthu zachigawo, matani 580.000 a CO2 apulumutsidwa. Izi ndi matani 0,07 okha pa munthu aliyense pachaka - ndi matani khumi ndi amodzi omwe amatulutsa, ndiye kuti ndi 0,6 peresenti ya zomwe zimatuluka pachaka.

Local si organic

Chinthu chofunikira chomwe sichimanenedwa nthawi zambiri: chigawo sichiri organic. Ngakhale kuti "organic" imayendetsedwa movomerezeka ndipo zofunikira pazachilengedwe zimafotokozedwa ndendende, mawu oti "chigawo" samatetezedwa kapena kufotokozedwa kapena kukhazikika. Chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri timapeza zinthu zomwe amati ndi zokhazikika kuchokera kwa alimi a m'mudzi wapafupi. Koma kuti mlimiyu amagwiritsa ntchito ulimi wamba - mwina ngakhale zowononga zachilengedwe zomwe zimaloledwa ku Austria utsi - ntchito zambiri sizimamveka kwa ife.

Chitsanzo cha tomato chimasonyeza kusiyana kwake: feteleza wa mchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito polima wamba. Kupanga kwa feteleza kokha kumawononga mphamvu zambiri kotero kuti, malinga ndi akatswiri, tomato wachilengedwe wochokera ku Sicily nthawi zina amakhala ndi CO2 bwino kusiyana ndi zomwe zimachokera ku ulimi wamba zomwe zimatumizidwa m'derali m'magalimoto ang'onoang'ono. Makamaka mukamakula m'malo otentha otentha ku Central Europe, kumwa kwa CO2 nthawi zambiri kumawombera nthawi zambiri. Monga ogula, muyeneranso kuyeza zinthu payekhapayekha. Ngati mukuyenda mtunda wopitilira makilomita 30 m'galimoto yanu yotenthedwa ndi mafuta kuti mukagule pa famu, nthawi zambiri mumataya nyengo yabwino m'madzi.

Kukula kwachuma m'malo moteteza chilengedwe

Ngakhale zili choncho, akuluakulu aboma amalimbikitsa kagulitsidwe ka chakudya m’madera. Ku Austria, mwachitsanzo, ntchito yotsatsa "GenussRegion Österreich" idayambitsidwa zaka zingapo zapitazo ndi Unduna wa Zamoyo mogwirizana ndi AMA. Kuti chinthucho chikhale ndi chizindikiro cha "Austrian Region of Indulgence", zopangira ziyenera kubwera kuchokera kumadera omwe akukhudzidwa ndikusinthidwa kuti zikhale zapamwamba kwambiri m'deralo. Kaya mankhwalawa amachokera ku ulimi wamba kapena organic sichinali chotsatira. Osachepera izo zikanakhoza Greenpeace koma mu 2018 adakweza chizindikiro cha "Austrian Region of Indulgence" kuchoka pa "odalirika" mpaka "odalirika". Panthawiyo zidalengezedwa kuti omwe ali ndi zilembozi azipewa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zopangidwa ndi chibadwa pofika chaka cha 2020 ndipo aziloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chachigawo.

Pamlingo waku Europe, kutsimikizika kwazinthu zomwe zili ndi "Protected Geographical Indication" ndi "Protected Designation of Origin" ndizofunikira. Komabe, kutetezedwa kwazapadera kudzera mu ulalo pakati pa mtundu wazinthu ndi malo osadziwika bwino komwe kudachokera kapena dera lomwe adachokera kuli patsogolo. Otsutsa ena amakhulupirira kuti lingaliro lopereka chakudya patali lalifupi silili lofunikira kwenikweni.

Nyengo sadziwa malire

Ngakhale chikondi chonse chapakhomo, chinthu chimodzi chikuwonekera: kusintha kwa nyengo sikukudziwa malire. Pomaliza, ziyeneranso kukumbukiridwa kuti kudya zakudya zobwera kuchokera kunja kumalimbitsa ulimi wamba - makamaka kuphatikiza ndi chisindikizo cha Fairtrade. Pomwe ku Austria pali zolimbikitsa zina zimapangidwa kapena thandizo limaperekedwa kumafamu achilengedwe, amalonda odzipereka * ayenera kuchita upainiya, makamaka m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene.

Kupita mosakayikira kuzinthu zochokera kuderali kungakhale kopanda phindu. Dipatimenti yotsatsa ya denn's Biomarkt imanena motere, molingana ndi lingaliro lomwe likupezekapo: "Mwachidule, munthu anganene kuti dera lokha, mosiyana ndi organic, si lingaliro lokhazikika. Komabe, kupanga chakudya m'chigawo kumatha kudziyika ngati gulu limodzi lamphamvu limodzi ndi ulimi wachilengedwe. Zotsatirazi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chothandizira popanga zisankho pogula zinthu: organic, nyengo, madera - makamaka motere. ”

M'ZIGANIZO MZIMENEZI
Oposa 70 peresenti ya omwe adafunsidwa amagula zakudya zachigawo kangapo pamwezi. Pafupifupi theka adanenanso kuti amagwiritsa ntchito zakudya zakumadera pogula mlungu uliwonse. Austria ikutsogolera kuno ndi pafupifupi 60 peresenti. Germany ikutsatira pafupifupi 47 peresenti ndi Switzerland ndi pafupifupi 41 peresenti. 34 peresenti ya omwe adafunsidwa amaphatikiza kudya chakudya cham'madera ndikudzipereka pachitetezo cha chilengedwe, chomwe chimaphatikizanso njira zazifupi zoyendera. 47 peresenti amayembekezera kuti chinthu chachigawo chikapangidwa m'mafamu osapitilira makilomita 100. Pa mtunda wa makilomita 200, mgwirizano wa omwe adafunsidwa ndi wotsika kwambiri pa 16 peresenti. Ogula 15 okha pa XNUMX alionse amaona kufunika kofunsa ngati zinthuzo zimachokera ku ulimi wa organic.
(Source: Studies by AT KEARNEY 2013, 2014; zolembedwa mu: Melissa Sarah Ragger: "Regional before organic?")

Photo / Video: Shutterstock.

Wolemba Karin Bornett

Mtolankhani wapaofesi komanso blogger mu njira ya Community. Labrador wokonda ukadaulo wokonda kusuta ndi idyll yam'mudzi komanso malo ofewa azikhalidwe zamatauni.
www.kalabala.at

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