Msonkhano waku Austrian Building Material Recycling Association (BRV)
Austria yaganiza zoletsa kutaya pansi kwa zomangamanga m'zaka ziwiri zabwino - izi zikugwirizana ndi zomwe Europe ikufuna kulimbikitsa chuma chozungulira. Ichi ndi gawo lotsiriza pazaka khumi zopititsa patsogolo kukonzanso zinyalala; Pafupifupi 80% yamagawo amchere ku Austria agwiritsidwanso ntchito kale, matani opitilira 7 miliyoni azinthu zomangidwanso adagwiritsidwa ntchito chaka ndi chaka. Zomangidwanso zakumanga zakhala zikuchitika mwaukadaulo ku Austria kuyambira 1990 - kaya mafoni pamalo omanga kapena osasunthika. Kusintha kwazomera kumapezeka ponseponse, kuwongolera mawonekedwe ndikutsogolo kwa Europe kutengera zomwe dziko ndi Europe zikufuna.
Kuletsedwa kwamtsogolo mtsogolo
Pofika pa Epulo 1, 2021 - ndipo si nthabwala ya Epulo! - Kusintha kwa ma landfill kudasindikizidwa ndi BGBl. II 144/2021. Chofunikira kwambiri pakubwezeretsanso zida zomangira chayamba kugwira ntchito ndikuwonjezera kwa § 1 yokhudza chuma chozungulira: Kuti tipeze chuma chozungulira, mogwirizana ndi oyang'anira zinyalala, cholinga chake ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zinyalala zomwe zili zoyenera chifukwa zobwezeretsanso zina komanso njira zina zochiritsira sizili mtsogolomo zitha kuvomerezedwa kuti zitayidwe m'malo otaya zinyalala.
Zinyalala zotsatirazi sizingayikidwenso phulusa kuchokera ku 1.1.2024: Njerwa kuchokera pakupanga, kuwononga misewu, zida zambiri zaukadaulo, kugwetsa konkriti, track ballast, asphalt, chippings ndi zida zobwezerezedwanso za UA zapamwamba. “Kubwezeretsanso zida zomangira kuyenera kuonedwa kuti ndi zamakono ku Austria konse. Kwazaka zopitilira 30, msika wakhala ukumangidwa molingana ndi malangizo a zida zobwezerezedwanso za Austrian Building Material Recycling Association, momwe opanga mazana ambiri akuchita nawo. Kuyambira 2016 pakhala kutaya koyambirira kwa zida zomangira zobwezerezedwanso ndi chilengedwe chabwino kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe ziyenera kutayidwa kunali 7% yokha yazinyalala zomanga mchere. Inali njira yovomerezeka kuti michere yosavomerezeka iletsedwe kutaya zinyalala pazandale, "atero a Martin Car, director director wa Austrian Building Materials Recycling Association (BRV).
Kuletsa kutaya zinyalala sikungokhuza magulu azinthu zomwe zidatchulidwa, komanso plasterboard. M'nyumba zamakono, gypsum imatha kupanga 7% yazinthu zomwe agwiritsa ntchito. Kuyambira Januware 1.1.2026, XNUMX, plasterboard, plasterboard ndi fiber-reinforced plasterboard (plasterboard yokhala ndi ubweya wolimba, plasterboard) sangayikidwenso. Kupatula pa izi ndi magulu omwe, poyang'ana obwera kukonzanso zinyalala za gypsum, atha kuwonetsedwa kuti ndiosakwanira kuti apange gypsum yobwezerezedwanso.
Nthawi yayitali yosintha ndiyofunika chifukwa ku Austria mulibe gypsum yobwezeretsanso ndipo zofunikira zake ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa kaye.
Pakutha kwa 2026, kutaya kwa ulusi wopangira miyala (KMF) - kaya ndi zinyalala zowopsa kapena zosakhala zowopsa - sizidzaloledwanso. Apa, dipatimenti yachilengedwe ya unduna woyang'anira mabungwe akuyembekeza kuti makampaniwa apanga njira zofananira zaka zisanu zikubwerazi. Komabe, izi zidzawunikidwanso zaka zingapo zikubwerazi kuti zisapangitse zolepheretsa kutaya zinyalala.
Zomangamanga zobwezeretsanso mtsogolo
Zomanga zobwezeretsanso zinthu zikhala yankho lamtsogolo. Mu zomangamanga zokha, 60% ya unyinji womwe wamangidwa kale uli mumisewu, njanji, zomanga mizere kapena zomangamanga zina. Zipangizo zomangira izi zinali zofunikira kwambiri komanso zofunikira pakukhazikitsa. Zipangizo zomangira zapamwamba kwambiri ndizopangira zabwino kwambiri pazinthu zomangira zatsopano pachuma chozungulira. Phula silingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati poyambira panjira kapena poyimikapo magalimoto, koma itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mwala wapamwamba kwambiri (pophatikiza) muzomera zosakaniza. Konkriti itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito yopanda chomangira ngati konkriti ya konkire, komanso yomangidwa, mwachitsanzo pakupanga konkriti - gawo lina la ÖN B 4710 limachita ndi konkire wobwezerezedwanso. Zinthu zakuthupi zamagetsi zimatha kubwerezedwanso momwemo, pali njira zabwino zobwezeretsanso zopangira ballast, ponseponse komanso pobwerera. Zida zonse zomangidwanso zimayang'aniridwa mosalekeza - pali malamulo (RBV) ndi maluso aukadaulo (miyezo); Bungwe la BRV limapereka chidule cha mfundo zofunika kwambiri monga "Maupangiri a Zida Zomangamanga Zobwezerezedwanso", zomwe zimatumikiranso monga maziko achifundo.
Chikondi chamtsogolo
Ntchito zomanga ziyenera kukonzedwa kuti zitheke lero: Ntchito zambiri zomanga zimafunikira zaka zingapo kuti zikwaniritsidwe ndikumalizika motero zimafika nthawi yomaliza yoletsa kutaya nthaka. Chifukwa chake ndi kwanzeru kuzolowera mkhalidwe watsopanowu m'matenda omwe akukonzekera pano. Mu zomangamanga, zimathandizanso kuti muwone momwe ntchito zatsopano zamagalimoto ndi zomangamanga (LB-VI), zosindikizidwa ndi Austrian Research Association for Road-Rail Transport (FSV). Gulu lina lantchito limatanthauzira mawu amtundu wokonzanso. Koma zonena zoyambirirazi zikugwirizana kale ndi zokonda zobwezeretsanso pakatayilidwe kazinthu. Pa Meyi 1, 2021, LB-VI iperekedwanso ngati mtundu wa 6, womwe umapangitsanso malongosoledwe atsopano pokhudzana ndi dothi lokumbidwalo.
Msika ndi waukulu
Mayiko angapo aku Europe adapereka kale kapena akukonzekera zoletsa kapena kutsekereza anthu omwe atayidwa. Nchifukwa chiyani Austria ikutsatira tsopano? Chifukwa chimodzi ndichakuti andale adadikirira mpaka msika utakhala waukulu mokwanira kuti athe kukhazikitsa zoletsa popanda kuwonjezera mitengo kapena zoletsa pamsika. Nthawi yomweyo, munthu angafune kusunga zachilengedwe - osasokoneza chilengedwe, koma gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zina kuchokera kumizinda yathu ndi zomangamanga zomwe zikuwonongedwa. "Mphamvu zamakampani a Austrian Building Materials Recycling Association sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwathunthu - makina 110 okha, omwe afalikira ku Austria, atha kubwerezanso 30% kuposa momwe ziliri pano," akutero Car. Malangizo atsopanowa sangapangitse msika kukhala wocheperako. Zikafika poti zitha kutayidwa, zomeranso zobwezeretsanso zambiri zakhala zikugwira ntchito kuposa zinyalala zomanga zinyalala; pankhani yopanga zinthu, palinso opanga opanga zomangamanga omwe amathandizidwa ndiopanga zida zobwezeretsanso zinthu.
Mgwirizano wazinthu zomangira zomangamanga umapereka chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane kudzera pamapepala azidziwitso ndi masemina - mwachitsanzo zamalamulo atsopano otaya zinyalala kapena njira yolondola yowonongera (www.brv.at).
Photo / Video: BRV.
