Akuko: Mwepu gas Russia zuru oke ga-abụ ihe ziri ezi n'ụzọ akụ na ụba

nke Martin Auer dere

Kedu ka ọpụpụ sitere na gas sitere na Russia ga-esi metụta akụ na ụba Austria? Akụkọ nke ebipụtara nso nso a Mgbagwoju anya Science Hub Vienna site1. Azịza ya na nkenke: a na-ahụ anya mana enwere ike ijikwa ma ọ bụrụ na mba EU na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ.

Austria na-ebubata pasentị 80 nke gas a na-eri kwa afọ site na Rọshịa. EU ihe dị ka pasent 38. Gas nwere ike daa na mberede, ma ọ bụ n'ihi na EU nyere iwu mmachi mbubata, ma ọ bụ n'ihi na Russia kwụsịrị mbupụ, ma ọ bụ n'ihi na agha ndị agha na Ukraine mebiri pipeline.

Akụkọ ahụ tụlere ọnọdụ abụọ nwere ike ime: Ihe atụ nke mbụ na-eche na mba EU na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ iji dozie nsogbu ahụ ọnụ. Ihe ngosi nke abụọ na-eche na mba ndị ahụ metụtara na-eme ihe n'otu n'otu na n'ụzọ na-enweghị nhazi.

Na 2021 Austria riri 9,34 ijeri cubic mita nke gas sitere n'okike. Ọ bụrụ na enweghị gas Russia, ijeri 7,47 ga-efu. EU nwere ike nweta 10 bcm ọzọ site na pipeline dị na 45 bcm n'ụdị LNG sitere na US ma ọ bụ Gulf States. EU nwere ike were ijeri 28m³ site na akụrụngwa nchekwa. Ọ bụrụ na steeti EU na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ n'ụzọ ahaziri ahazi, mba ọ bụla ga-efu pasent 17,4 nke oriri ya gara aga. Maka Austria, nke a pụtara mwepu ijeri 1,63 m³ afọ a (site na June 1st).

N'ọnọdụ a na-ejikọtaghị ọnụ, mba niile so na ya ga-agbalị ịzụta gas na-efu efu na ahịa mba ụwa. N'okpuru echiche a, Austria nwere ike ịre ahịa ijeri 2,65 m³. N'ọnọdụ a, agbanyeghị, Austria nwere ike ịtụfu nchekwa ya n'onwe ya ma nwee ike wepụrụ ijeri m³ ijeri 1,40 ọzọ. N'okpuru ọnọdụ a, Austria ga-adị mkpụmkpụ nke ijeri 3,42 m³, nke ga-abụ pasent 36,6.

Ọmụmụ ihe a na-eche na 700MW nke ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ gas nwere ike ịgbanwe gaa mmanụ n'oge dị mkpirikpi, na-azọpụta ụfọdụ pasent 10,3 nke oriri gas kwa afọ. Mgbanwe omume dị ka ibelata okpomọkụ ụlọ n'ụlọ site na 1 Celsius nwere ike ịkpata ego nke 0,11 ijeri m³. Mbelata oriri ga-ebelatakwa gas chọrọ iji rụọ ọrụ akụrụngwa pipeline site na 0,11 bcm ọzọ.

Ọ bụrụ na mba EU na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ, Austria ga-adị mkpụmkpụ nke 0,61 ijeri m³ n'afọ na-abịa, nke ga-abụ pasent 6,5 nke oriri kwa afọ. Ọ bụrụ na obodo ọ bụla ga-eme ihe n'onwe ya, Austria ga-adị mkpụmkpụ ijeri 2,47 m³, nke ga-abụ pasenti 26,5 nke oriri kwa afọ.

Mgbe e nyechara ndị ahịa echedoro (ụlọ na ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ), a na-ekenye gas fọdụrụnụ na ụlọ ọrụ. N'ọnọdụ a chịkọtara ọnụ, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ga-ebelata oriri gas ya site na pasenti 10,4 ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọkwa nkịtị, mana site na pasenti 53,3 na ọnọdụ enweghị nhazi. N'okwu nke mbụ, nke ahụ ga-apụta mbelata mmepụta nke 1,9 pasent, na nke ka njọ, site na pasent 9,1.

Mfu, ka akụkọ ahụ kwuru, ga-adị obere karịa mmetụta akụ na ụba mbụ nke Covid-19 na ọnọdụ mbụ. N'ọnọdụ nke abụọ, mfu ndị a ga-atụnyere, mana ọ ka pere mpe karịa mfu sitere na ebili mmiri corona mbụ.

Mmetụta nke mmachibido iwu mbubata gas na-adabere kpamkpam na usoro mgbochi ndị a na-ewere. Dị ka isi ihe, akụkọ ahụ na-ezo aka na nhazi nke EU zuru oke nke amụma ịnyefe gas, nkwadebe maka ịgbanye ọkụ ọkụ na mmanụ ndị ọzọ n'oge okpomọkụ, ihe mkpali maka ịgbanwere usoro mmepụta ihe, ihe mkpali maka ịgbanye usoro kpo oku, ihe mkpali maka itinye ego na teknụzụ ume ọhụrụ, ihe mkpali. ndị bi na-arụsi ọrụ ike isonye na-azọpụta gas.

Na nchịkọta, akụkọ ahụ kwubiri, sị: "N'ihi nnukwu mmebi nke agha ahụ kpatara, mmachibido iwu mbubata mbata nke mba Rọshịa na EU nwere ike ịnọchite anya atụmatụ atụmatụ ga-enyere aka n'ụzọ akụ na ụba."

foto mkpuchi: Boevaya mmiri: Gazprom Main Building na Moscow, site na Wikimedia, CC-BY

1 Anton Pichler, Jan Hurt *, Tobias Reisch*, Johannes Stangl*, Stefan Thurner: Austria enweghị gas sitere na Russia? Mmetụta akụ na ụba ndị a tụrụ anya na nkwụsị ọkọnọ gas na mberede na atụmatụ iji belata ha.
https://www.csh.ac.at/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/2022-05-24-CSH-Policy-Brief-Gasschock-Fin-Kurzfassung-DE.pdf.
Akụkọ zuru ezu:
https://www.csh.ac.at/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/2022-05-24-CSH-Policy-Brief-Gas-Shock-Long-Version-EN.pdf