Ursula Wastl
Ntau thiab ntau tus Austrians tau noj lawv lub zog lub neej yav tom ntej rau hauv lawv tus kheej tes. Koj yuav pom cov kev txhawb nqa ntau ntawm lub vev xaib E-Control (www.e-control.at). Txij li thaum pub dawb ntawm cov kev lag luam hluav taws xob hauv xyoo 2001, lub tuam txhab tau ua lub luag haujlwm tsim thiab ua raws li txhua tus neeg koom nrog kev lag luam hauv lub zog. ,
Nrog hluav taws xob, tus nqi sib pauv tau yuav luag ob npaug ntawm lub xyoo dhau los ntawm 1,8 feem pua rau tam sim no 3,5 feem pua. Tus nqi hloov pauv roj nce rau 2014 rau 4,6 feem pua, piv rau 2,5 feem pua xyoo dhau los. Tshaj tag nrho, 206.206 cov neeg siv hluav taws xob - suav nrog 159.476 tsev neeg - nrhiav tus xa hluav taws xob tshiab xyoo tas los. Lawv cov neeg xa khoom siv roj tau hloov los ntawm cov neeg siv 61.633, suav nrog 58.514 tsev neeg.
"Tsuas yog tus xa khoom lag luam raug hloov pauv. Tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub network, piv txwv li lub tuam txhab ua lub luag haujlwm rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub network, tseem ua qhov qub. Tsis hais leej twg uas koj tau txais hluav taws xob los ntawm. Tsis muaj kev hloov pauv dab tsi hauv kev xa hluav taws xob lossis roj los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov neeg xa khoom. "
Martin Graf, E-Tswj
Kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob tau hloov zuj zus
"Qhov no sib raug rau ntau ntxiv ntawm yuav luag 90 feem pua piv rau xyoo dhau los," said Minister of Economy thiab Energy Reinhold Mitterlehner ntawm cov lus lag luam tshiab ntawm kev tswj hwm txoj cai tswj hwm E-Control. "Yog li, tus lej hloov pauv siab tshaj plaws tau ua tiav txij li lub sijhawm ywj pheej ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob thiab roj av, uas tseem muaj kev sib tw ntxiv hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob hauv domestic. Txawm li cas los xij, peb tseem muaj chaw rau kev txhim kho hauv kev sib piv thoob ntiaj teb, "hais tias Mitterlehner, uas pom cov peev xwm txuas ntxiv uas yuav tsum siv.
Ib qho laj thawj tseem ceeb rau txoj kev loj hlob zoo ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm hloov pauv tus naj npawb yog qhov muaj peev xwm ntau rau kev khaws nyiaj rau Martin Graf, CEO ntawm E-Control lub zog thiab cov tswj roj. "Txog li 510 Euro, ib tsev neeg nruab nrab tuaj yeem txuag nws tus kheej ib xyoos nrog kev hloov ntawm cov neeg ib txwm ua mus rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg tshaj plaws thiab cov roj xa khoom. Cov no yog cov nyiaj tau ntau tshaj txij li thaum muaj kev ywj pheej, "hais tias Graf.
Ntau thiab ntau tus neeg muab kev pabcuam
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg siv hluav taws xob ntsuab kuj tau nce siab hauv Austria. 2013 tau muab tag nrho 81 cov neeg siv hluav taws xob los ntawm 100 feem pua kev siv hluav taws xob. Hauv xyoo 2012 nws tseem yog 56. Lub zog fais fab loj zuj zus tuaj. Xyoo ib txwm tsis muaj cov neeg muag khoom hluav taws xob ntsuab li xyoo no.
Qhov muag tag nrho ntawm txhua tus neeg xa hluav taws xob ntsuab (suav nrog lub xeev cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas yog cov neeg siv hluav taws xob ntsuab) tau yuav luag ob npaug (ntxiv rau 90 feem pua) thiab yog 2013 ntawm 17.412 gigawatt teev, 2012 9.184 gigawatt teev.
100 feem pua hluav taws xob ntsuab?
Qhov nruab nrab Austrian zog sib xyaw 2013, raws li E-Tswj hluav taws xob daim ntawv qhia hluav taws xob, muaj 78,58 ib feem pua ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv, 14,35 ib feem pua paub fossil roj, 6,80 ib xaim hluav taws xob ntawm cov keeb kwm tsis paub (ENTSO-E sib xyaw) thiab 0,27 ib xees paub lwm lub zog hluav taws xob. Thiab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv no, kwv yees li 68 feem pua yog kev tsim hluav taws xob, tsuas yog tsib feem pua cua zog, tsuas yog qis dua plaub feem pua cov khoom lossis kua dej biomass, thiab ze li 1,5 feem pua lwm cov hluav taws xob ntsuab - suav nrog hluav taws xob photovoltaic nrog txog 0,4 feem pua.
Cov tuam txhab hluav taws xob hauv teb chaws muaj ntau lub chaw pabcuam thiab kev nqis peev. Ntawm no, Ntiaj Teb 2000 qhia kev sib txuas ntawm cov tuam txhab. Cov lus hais los ntawm Reinhard Uhrig, Ntiaj Teb 2000:
"Kev siv hluav taws xob los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab yog tsim thiab muag hauv Austria hauv kev txiav txim siab ntau. Tab sis: hluav taws xob ntsuab tsis txhawb ua lub zog hloov mus rau lwm qhov. Cov khoom siv "hluav taws xob ntsuab", uas tsuas yog ua raws li cov laus siv hluav taws xob lossis kev lag luam hluav taws xob, tsis yog txhawb lub zog hloov mus los tsis ua ib qho ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb. Qhov hloov mus rau cov hluav taws xob ntsuab yuav tsuas ntxiv cov txiaj ntsig ib puag ncig yog tias nws tsim hluav taws xob tshiab tshiab uas yuav tsim lwm yam.
Ntau lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob ntsuab yog cov neeg koom tes ntawm cov neeg xa khoom hluav taws xob (lossis "ntsuab" cov tuam txhab nrog "hluav taws xob los ntawm hydropower" muaj cov neeg pabcuam uas faib cov "pa hluav taws xob"): cov cheeb tsam hluav taws xob ntsuab ua haujlwm tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tuam txhab hluav taws xob thiab coj cov neeg siv hluav taws xob ces yuam kev yog Lawv ntseeg tias lawv cov hluav taws xob yuav khoom siv pab txhawb kom muaj peev txheej txuas ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv - tab sis nyiaj tau xa mus rau cov pab pawg yooj yim.
Peb thiaj li pom zoo tsuas yog cov tuam txhab hluav taws xob ntsuab pom zoo uas tsis muaj kev lag luam hluav taws xob, muab hluav taws xob los ntawm cov khoom siv dua tshiab (vim tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem siv hluav taws xob "qias neeg" tsis muaj hluav taws xob) thiab tsis yog ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj qha cov tuam txhab ntawm "cov pa hluav taws xob". Cov no tsuas yog Alps Adria Energie (www.aae-energy.com) thiab Oekostrom AG (www.oekostrom.at). "
Tab sis yog tias koj tiag tiag muab 100% hluav taws xob ntsuab, nws tsis yog ib qho yooj yim uas yuav pom los ntawm. Gudrun Stöger los ntawm oekostrom AG piav qhia: "Ntxiv rau ob lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob ntsuab ywj pheej oekostrom AG thiab Alpen Adria Energie (AAE), ntau cov neeg koom nrog tsim kev siv hluav taws xob muaj 100 feem pua ntawm cov hluav taws xob huv. Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm oekostrom AG, txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho pawg yuav tsum nco ntsoov khaws cia rau hauv siab - kom outsource lub chaw muag khoom "huv" kom thiaj li muag ntsuab hluav taws xob nyob ntawd thiab hloov tsis muaj dab tsi hauv cov tuam txhab ntxiv uas tsis yog pob tshab thiab ncaj ncees rau cov neeg siv khoom thiab tsis nres nyob ntawd. Hauv kev pom txog kev hloov lub zog thiab kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb lub hom phiaj ntawm Austria tsis muaj kev nkag siab. "
Nuclear zog, tsis muaj tsaug!
Kev ntaus cim ntawm E-Kev Tshawb Fawb muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev tsim ntawm hluav taws xob hauv tsev ntawm cov neeg muab kev pabcuam.
Cov tsev neeg yuav tsis tuaj yeem siv hluav taws xob grey vim yog txoj cai hloov 2013. Thiab kev tshuaj xyuas hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim ntawv lo fais fab tau qhia tias txhua tus neeg xa khoom tau khaws cia rau qhov no. Grayscale 2013 tsuas yog xa rau cov neeg siv khoom lag luam. Los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 2015 nws dhau nrog nws. Txij ntawd los, tsis muaj hluav taws xob ntawm cov tsis paub txog keeb kwm yuav raug xa mus rau cov tuam txhab kev lag luam.
Raws li kev sib koom ua ke hu ua ENTSO-E-Mix (tsis muaj lub zog tauj dua tshiab) hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab yog li tseem nyob hauv Austria, 2013 yog 37,47 ntawm lub zog nuclear (2012: 35,7 feem pua). Los ntawm qhov pom tseeb hauv lub hom phiaj, qhov sib faib ntawm cov hluav taws xob nuclear hauv Austria xyoo tas los yog 2,55 feem pua, 2012 2,59 feem pua. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, qhov sib koom ntawm cov hluav taws xob nuclear nyob rau hauv Alpine koom pheej tau poob qis dua
Hluav taws xob ntsuab: Nws yooj yim heev
Qhov hloov nws tus kheej yog yooj yim heev: Txhua tus neeg siv hluav taws xob thiab roj xa tuaj yeem nrhiav tau hauv lub laij lej ntsuas ntawm E-Tswj raws li www.e-control.at/tarifkalkulator. Txhawm rau hloov, koj tsuas yog tau sau ib daim foos ntawm cov kws khomob lub vev xaib. Tus so yuav ua rau koj.
Tsis muaj dab tsi hloov ntawm txhua yam ntawm cov tuam tsev thev naus laus zis. Lawv txuas ntxiv siv lub ntsuas dej thiab tib lub zog siv hluav taws xob zoo li ua ntej hloov. Cov no yog thiab tseem yog cov khoom ntiag tug ntawm cov koom tes hauv network. Raws li cov chaw muab kev pabcuam pub dawb feem ntau saib xyuas cov nqi them nyiaj hauv lub network - txhais tau tias cov kws ua haujlwm hauv lub network muab cov nqi rau txhua qhov kev pabcuam hauv lub network, se thiab cov haujlwm ncaj qha rau lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm tshiab. Nws them cov nqe no thiab mam li sau nqi rau koj.
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