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Pāpā i ka landfill no ka pōhaku puna, aniani, wāwahi alanui - ʻo ka hana hou ʻana i nā mea kūkulu hale ka mea koho mua loa.

Pāpā i ka landfill no ka pōhaku puna, anoaeuoiau, wāwahi alanui - ʻo ke kūkulu hou ʻana i nā mea hale ke koho mua loa.

Ua hoʻoholo ʻo Austria e pāpā i ka hoʻopuni ʻāina ʻana i ka hapa nui o nā mea kūkulu hale i loko o ʻelua mau makahiki maikaʻi - kūlike kēia me nā koi o ʻEulopa e hāpai i ka hoʻokele waiwai. Kahi kēia i ke kaʻina hope loa i loko o nā hoʻolālā he 80 mau makahiki i ka hana hou ʻana i nā ʻōpala kūkulu; Ma mua o 7% o ka ʻāpana mineral ma Auseturia i hana hou ʻia, ua hoʻohana ʻia ma mua o 1990 miliona mau tona o nā mea hana i hana hou ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Kūkulu ʻia ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana hale ma ʻAukekulia mai ka makahiki XNUMX - inā he kelepona ma nā kahua kūkulu a i ʻole he kū. Loaʻa nā mea kanu a puni ka papa, aia ka maikaʻi ma mua o ʻEulopa e like me nā koi āpau a me ʻEulopa.

Kapu pāpā ʻāina ʻē e hiki mai ana

Ma ʻApelila 1st, 2021 - a ʻaʻole ia he ʻōlelo hoʻomakeʻaka a ʻApelila Fool! - Ua paʻi ʻia ka hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono ʻāina me BGBl. II 144/2021. Ua lilo ka mana nui no ka hana hou ʻana i nā mea kūkulu hale me ka hoʻohui o § 1 e pili ana i ka hoʻokele waiwai: I mea e hoʻokumu ai i ka hoʻokele waiwai, e like me ka hierarchy ʻōpala, ʻo ka pahuhopu e hōʻoia i nā ʻōpala kūpono. no ka hana hou ʻana a me nā ʻano hana like ʻole o ka hoʻōla ʻaʻole i ka wā e hiki mai hiki ke ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻolei ʻia i nā landfills.

ʻAʻole hiki ke waiho hou ʻia nā ʻōpala i lalo i kahi landfill mai 1.1.2024: Nā pōhaku lepo mai ka hana ʻana, ka wāwahi alanui, nā mea nui ʻenehana, ka wāwahi paʻa ʻana, ka ballast track, aspphalt, chippings a me nā mea hana i hana hou ʻia no ka papa kūlana UA. "E manaʻo hou ʻia ka hana hou ʻana i nā mea kūkulu hale e like me ka state-of-the-art ma loko o ʻAukekulia. No 30 mau makahiki, ua kūkulu ʻia kahi mākeke e kūlike me nā kulekele no nā pono hana hana hou o ka Austrian Building Material Recycling Association, kahi e komo ai nā haneli o nā mea hana i kēia manawa. Mai ka 2016 aia kahi hopena mua o ka ʻōpala no nā mea hana i hana hou ʻia me ka maikaʻi o ka nohona. ʻO ka ʻāpana o nā mea e hoʻolei ʻia ua 7% wale nō ia o nā ʻōpala kūkulu mineral. ʻO ia ke ala kūpono no nā minelala hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e pāpā ʻia mai ka hoʻopiha ʻāina ʻana ma kahi pae politika, "wahi a Martin Car, ka luna hoʻomalu lōʻihi o ka Austrian Building Materials Recycling Association (BRV).

ʻAʻole pili ka pāpā ʻana i ka landfill i nā hui o nā mea i helu ʻia, akā ʻo ka plasterboard hoʻi. I nā hale hou, hiki i ka gypsum ke hana i 7% o nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia. Mai Ianuali 1.1.2026st, XNUMX, plasterboard, plasterboard a me ka fiber-reinforced plasterboard (plasterboard me ka hulu hipa, plasterboard) ʻaʻole e waiho hou ʻia. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa i kēia nā panela, i ka papa o ka nānā hou ʻana i kahi mea hana hou no ka neoneo gypsum, ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole lawa ka maikaʻi e hana i nā gypsum i hana hou ʻia mai iā lākou mai.

Pono ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻololi no ka mea ʻaʻohe hoʻopōʻaiapuni gypsum piha ma ʻAsuria a pono e hoʻonohonoho mua i nā loiloi e pili ana.

I ka hopena o 2026, ka hoʻolei ʻana i nā fibre mineral i hana ʻia (KMF) - inā he ʻōpala weliweli a i ʻole ʻano weliweli ʻole - ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia. Ma aneʻi, ke manaʻo nei ke keʻena ʻenehana o ke kuhina pekelala kuleana e hana ka ʻoihana i nā ala lapaʻau like i nā makahiki ʻelima e hiki mai ana. Eia nō naʻe, e loiloi ʻia kēia kaʻina i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana i ʻole e hana i nā ʻōmole hoʻolei ʻōpala.

Ke kūkulu hou ʻana i nā mea me he wā e hiki mai ana

ʻO ka hana hou ʻana i nā mea hana ka hopena o ka wā e hiki mai. I ka ʻenehana kivila wale nō, 60% o ka lehulehu i kūkulu ʻia ma nā alanui, nā kaʻaahi, ke kūkulu laina a i ʻole nā ​​hanana ʻē aʻe. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mau mea kūkulu hale i nā koina kiʻekiʻe a kūlana ʻia i ka wā o ke kau ʻana. ʻO kēia mau mea kūkulu hale kūlana kiʻekiʻe nā mea maka maikaʻi loa no nā pono kūkulu hale hou i ka hoʻokele waiwai. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka aspal ma ke ʻano he kumu kumu granulated wale no ke alanui a i ʻole kahi kaʻa kaʻa, akā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he pōhaku kiʻekiʻe (hōʻuluʻulu) i nā mea kanu hoʻohuihui wela. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka pōhaku ma ke ʻano hemo ʻole e like me ka granulate pōhaku, akā i ke ʻano paʻa hoʻi, e laʻa me ka hana pōhaku - kahi ʻāpana ʻokoʻa o ka ÖN B 4710 e pili ana i nā pōhaku i hana hou ʻia. Hiki ke hana hou i nā mea hana ʻenehana i ka palapala like; aia nā kahawai hoʻohana hou maikaʻi no ka ballast track, ma ka pūnaewele a me ka pūnaewele. ʻO nā mea hana hou a pau i hana hou ʻia e pili ana i ka kaohi mau o ka maikaʻi - aia nā kānāwai (RBV) a me nā kikoʻī ʻenehana (nā kūlana); Hāʻawi ka BRV i kahi hōʻuluʻulu o nā kumumanaʻo nui loa i ke ʻano o "Nā Alakaʻi no nā Pono Kūkulu Kūlou", ʻo ia hoʻi ke kumu o ka palupalu.

Ka palupalu o ka wā e hiki mai ana

Pono e hoʻomākaukau nā hana kūkulu no kēia kūlana hou i kēia lā: Pono nā papahana kūkulu he nui i hoʻolālā ʻia i mau makahiki e hoʻokō a hoʻopau a laila hāʻule i loko o ka lā palena palena no ka pāpā ʻana i ka landfilling. No laila he naʻauao e hoʻopili i ke kūlana hou i nā ʻae e hoʻolālā ʻia nei. I ka ʻenekinia kīwila, he mea kōkua ke nānā aku i ka Standardized Service Description Transport and Infrastructure (LB-VI), i paʻi ʻia e ka Austrian Research Association for Road-Rail-Transport (FSV). Hoʻomaopopo kahi hui lawelawe ʻokoʻa i nā huaʻōlelo palupalu no ka hana hou ʻana. Akā ʻo nā ʻōlelo mua mua e pili ana i ka makemake o ka hana hou ʻana ma luna o ka hoʻoiho ʻāina. Ma Mei 1, 2021, e hoʻokuʻu hou ʻia ka LB-VI ma ke ʻano o ka mana 6, kahi e hana nei i nā kikoʻī hou e pili ana i ka lepo i ʻeli ʻia.

Nui ka mākeke

Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia a ʻekahi paha mau ʻāina ma ʻEulopa a ke hoʻolālā nei paha e kaohi a pāpā paha i nā landfills. No ke aha ʻo Austria e ukali nei i kēia manawa? ʻO kekahi kumu ʻo ia nō ka kali ʻana o ka poʻe kālaiʻāina a hiki i ka lawa pono ʻana o ka mākeke e hiki ai ke hoʻokau i kahi pāpā ʻāina me ka piʻi ʻole o ke kumu kūʻai a me nā kaohi pono o ka mākeke. I ka manawa like, makemake kekahi e mālama i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe - ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole haumia ke ʻano, akā e hoʻohana i nā kumuwaiwai lua mai ko mākou mau kūlanakauhale a me nā pono hana e wāwahi ʻia. "ʻO nā mākaukau o nā ʻoihana o ka Austrian Building Materials Recycling Association kahi lōʻihi loa mai ka hoʻohana piha ʻia - 110 ʻōnaehana wale nō, pālahalaha ʻia ma waena o ʻAukekulia, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana hou i 30% ma mua o ka loaʻa," wahi a Car. ʻAʻole e hoʻoliʻiliʻi nā lula hou. Ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻolilo, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea hana hou i hana hou ʻia ma mua o nā wahi neoneo kūkulu ʻia; i ke ʻano o ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mea, aia nō i ka mea nui nā mea hana hale i hoʻohui ʻia e nā mea hana hana hoʻopōʻaiapuni.

Hāʻawi ka hui hana hana hou ʻana i nā ʻike kikoʻī ma o nā pepa ʻikepili a me nā seminars - e laʻa e pili ana i nā lula ʻāina hou a i ʻole ke ala pololei o ka wāwahi (www.brv.at).

Photo / Video: BRV.

Haʻalele i ka manaʻo