Karin Bornett
Slogans i ka loa melodious dialect, kiʻi o contented bipi munching lush mauʻu ma idyllic alpine meadows - i ka wā e hele mai ai i ka meaʻai, hoʻolaha 'oihana makemake e hai mai ia makou i ka moʻolelo o kuaaina kuaaina ola, staged romantically. Hauʻoli loa nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea hana i ka nānā ʻana i ke kumu kūloko o kā lākou huahana. Lawe nā mea kūʻai.
"He nui nā haʻawina e hōʻike ana i ka piʻi nui ʻana o ka hoihoi i nā meaʻai kūloko a kamaʻilio e pili ana i kahi ʻano kūloko i ʻōlelo ʻia ua loaʻa i ke ʻano kūlohelohe i kēia manawa," i kākau ai ʻo Melissa Sarah Ragger i ka makahiki 2018 i ka thesis a kāna haku e pili ana i nā kumu no ke kūʻai ʻana i ka ʻāina. nā meaʻai. No ka mea, ua haʻi ʻo Biomarkt i kahi loiloi ʻike ʻole ʻia mai 2019, i ʻōlelo ʻia ua hōʻike ʻia "no nā mea kūʻai i noiʻi ʻia. Bio a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻomau ma mua o ke kumu o Austrian a me ka ʻāpana o ka meaʻai.
Ua hoʻonui ʻia ke kumu āpana
ʻAʻohe mea kupanaha: Ua hauʻoli nā meaʻai mai ka ʻāina i ke kiʻi o ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me nā kūlana hana kūpono no nā kānaka a me nā holoholona. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole pono lākou e lawe ʻia i ka hapalua o ka honua. Kūʻai ʻia nā huahana kūloko a ʻike ʻia e like me ia. Akā: ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka meaʻai mai ka ʻāina? I ka makahiki 2007, ua helu ʻo Agrarmarkt Austria (AMA) i ka haumia CO2 o nā meaʻai pākahi. ʻO nā huawaina mai Kili mai ka hewa nui loa me 7,5 kg o CO2 no ka kilo hua. ʻO ke kaumaha o ka ʻāpala mai ʻApelika Hema he 263 grams, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 22 grams no ka ʻāpala Styrian.
Eia naʻe, hōʻike pū kekahi helu ʻana mai kēia noiʻi ʻana he liʻiliʻi wale nō o CO2 hiki ke mālama ʻia ma ke kiʻi ʻana i nā meaʻai kūloko. Wahi a ka AMA, inā hoʻololi nā Austrian āpau i ka hapalua o kā lākou meaʻai me nā huahana kūloko, e mālama ʻia ka 580.000 tons CO2. ʻO ia wale nō 0,07 tons i kēlā me kēia kanaka i kēlā me kēia makahiki - me ka awelika o ka hoʻopuka ʻana he ʻumikūmākahi mau tona, he 0,6 pākēneka wale nō ia o ka nui o ka hoʻopuka makahiki.
ʻAʻole kūlohelohe ka kūloko
ʻO kahi mea koʻikoʻi ʻaʻole i kamaʻilio pinepine ʻia: ʻaʻole organik ka āpana. ʻOiai ua hoʻoponopono ʻia ka "organic" a ua wehewehe pono ʻia nā koi no nā huahana organik, ʻaʻole pale ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "regional" a ʻaʻole i wehewehe ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia. No laila ke kiʻi pinepine nei mākou i nā huahana i manaʻo ʻia mai ka poʻe mahiʻai ma ke kauhale kokoke. Akā, hoʻohana kēia mea mahiʻai i ka mahiʻai maʻamau - ʻoiai paha me nā mea ʻino i ke kaiapuni i ʻae ʻia ma Austria. kāpīpī - ʻAʻole maopopo pinepine ka hana iā mākou.
Hōʻike ka laʻana o nā tōmato i ka ʻokoʻa: hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kanu mineral i ka mahi maʻamau. ʻO ka hana ʻana o kēia mau mea kanu wale nō ka mea e pau ai ka ikehu, e like me ka ʻōlelo a ka poʻe loea, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koena CO2 o nā tōmato organik mai Sicily i kekahi manawa ma mua o nā mea mai ka mahiʻai maʻamau i hoʻouna ʻia i loko o ka ʻāina i nā kaʻa liʻiliʻi. ʻOi loa i ka wā e ulu ana i loko o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo wela ma Central Europe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana o CO2 i nā manawa he nui. Ma ke ʻano he mea kūʻai aku, pono ʻoe e kaupaona i nā mea i kēlā me kēia kumu. Inā ʻoe e hoʻokele ma mua o 30 mau kilomita i kāu kaʻa i hoʻopiha ʻia i ka mōʻalihaku e hele i ke kūʻai ʻana ma ka hale kūʻai mahiʻai, maʻamau ʻoe e hoʻolei i kahi koena aniau maikaʻi ma luna o ka moana.
Hoʻomohala waiwai ma mua o ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni
ʻOiai ʻo kēia mau ʻano a pau, hoʻolaha nā luna aupuni i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai kūloko. Ma Austria, no ka laʻana, ua hoʻomaka ʻia ka hoʻolālā kūʻai "GenussRegion Österreich" i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei e ka Ministry of Life me ka AMA. I mea e hiki ai i kahi huahana ke lawe i ka lepili "Austrian Region of Indulgence", pono e hele mai ka mea maka mai kēlā me kēia wahi a e hana ʻia i kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe ma ka ʻāina. Inā mai ka mahiʻai maʻamau a i ʻole nā huahana, ʻaʻole ia he kumu. Hiki paha Uliuli malu akā i ka 2018 hoʻonui i ka "Austrian Region of Indulgence" hōʻailona maikaʻi mai "conditionally trustworthy" i "trustworthy". I kēlā manawa ua hoʻolaha ʻia e hōʻole ka poʻe e lawe i ka lepili mai ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā meaʻai genetically engineered i ka makahiki 2020 a e ʻae wale ʻia e hoʻohana i ka hānai kūloko.
Ma ka pae ʻEulopa, he mea nui ka hōʻoia ʻana o nā huahana me "Protected Geographical Indication" a me "Protected Designation of Origin". Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka pale ʻana i nā mea kūikawā ma o ka loulou ma waena o ka maikaʻi o ka huahana a me kahi eponymous wahi o ke kumu a i ʻole ka ʻāina kumu. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe hoʻohewa ʻaʻole ʻo ka manaʻo o ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka meaʻai ma kahi mamao.
ʻAʻole ʻike ka ʻāina i nā palena
ʻOiai ke aloha nui i ka home, hoʻokahi mea i maopopo: ʻaʻohe ʻike palena o ke aniau. ʻO ka mea hope akā ʻaʻole ka mea liʻiliʻi loa, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai organik i lawe ʻia mai e hoʻoikaika i ka mahiʻai kūlohelohe kūloko - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hui pū ʻana me ka sila Fairtrade. ʻOiai ma Austria ua hoʻokumu ʻia kekahi mau mea hoʻoikaika a hāʻawi ʻia ke kākoʻo no nā mahiʻai organik, pono e hana nā ʻoihana ʻoihana kūlohelohe * i ka hana paionia, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā ʻāina e kū mai ana.
ʻO ka hele ʻana me ke kānalua ʻole i kahi huahana mai ka ʻāina no laila hiki ke kūʻē i ka huahana. ʻO ke keʻena kūʻai kūʻai o Biomarkt ʻo denn e like me kēia, e like me ke kula o ka manaʻo: "Ma ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, hiki i kekahi ke ʻōlelo ʻo ka regionality wale nō, ʻokoʻa me ka organik, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo hoʻomau. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka hana meaʻai kūloko ke hoʻonoho iā ia iho he duo ikaika me ka mahiʻai organik. No laila hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he kōkua hoʻoholo i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mea kūʻai: organik, kau, kūloko - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma kēia kauoha.
AINA MA NA HELU
Ma luna o 70 pakeneka o ka poʻe i noiʻi ʻia e kūʻai i nā mea kūʻai kūloko i nā manawa he nui i ka mahina. Ma kahi o ka hapalua i ʻōlelo ʻia ua hoʻohana lākou i nā hale kūʻai kūloko no kā lākou kūʻai ʻai ʻana i kēlā me kēia pule. Ke alakaʻi nei ʻo Austria ma kahi o 60 pakeneka. Ke hahai nei ʻo Kelemānia ma kahi o 47 pakeneka a me Switzerland me kahi o 41 pakeneka. ʻO 34 pakeneka o ka poʻe i noiʻi ʻia e pili ana i ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai kūloko me ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni, ʻo ia hoʻi nā ala kaʻa pōkole. Manaʻo ka 47 pakeneka e hana ʻia kahi huahana kūloko ma nā mahiʻai ma mua o 100 mau kilomita. Ma kahi mamao o 200 mau kilomita, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻaelike o ka poʻe i noiʻi ʻia ma 16 pakeneka. ʻO 15 wale nō ka nui o nā mea kūʻai aku e pili ana i ka nīnau no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā huahana mai ka mahiʻai organik.
(Source: Studies by AT KEARNEY 2013, 2014; quoted in: Melissa Sarah Ragger: "Regional before organic?")
Photo / Video: Shutterstock.
