Karin Bornett
'Daurewa' yana kan bakin kowa. Ko a cikin magani, kasuwanci ko kare muhalli, kalmar yawanci ana amfani da ita azaman kalmar juriya. A cikin ilimin kimiyyar halitta, abubuwa suna da ƙarfi, waɗanda ke komawa yanayinsu na asali ko da bayan babban damuwa, kamar roba.
A Universität für Bodenkultur Wien An bayyana juriya a matsayin “ikon tsarin da zai kula da muhimman ayyukansa yayin fuskantar rikici ko firgici.” Corina Wustmann, Farfesa a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam a PH Zurich, ta ce: “Maganar juriya ta samo asali ne daga kalmar Ingilishi ‘resilience ' (Resilience, resilience, elasticity) kuma gabaɗaya yana bayyana iyawar mutum ko tsarin zamantakewa don samun nasarar magance yanayin rayuwa mai wahala da mummunan sakamakon damuwa.
Juriya inji kudi
Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, ra'ayi yana ƙunshe da tabbacin cewa juriya da juriya na ciki za a iya horar da ko koya. Masu horarwa, masu ba da shawara da ma'aikata ba su daɗe suna zuwa tare da bita na musamman da darussan horo ga mutane masu zaman kansu da kamfanoni ba. Masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam Sarah Forbes daga Jami'ar Waterloo da Deniz Fikretoglu daga Cibiyar Bincike ta Toronto sun kimanta nazarin kimiyya 92 da suka bayyana horon juriya. Sakamakon yana da ban sha'awa: yawancin waɗannan darussan horarwa ba su dogara ne akan tunanin juriya na kimiyya ba, amma sun ci gaba fiye ko žasa ba tare da wani tushe na ka'idar ba. Binciken ya kuma gano cewa da kyar babu wani bambance-bambance a cikin abun ciki tsakanin kwasa-kwasan horon da ake da su, kamar horon rigakafin damuwa, da sabbin darussan horar da juriya da yawa.
Babban kuskure a cikin sanannen kimiyya shine cewa juriya dabi'a ce ta mutum wanda kowa zai iya samu daban-daban. Duk wanda ba zai iya jure wa matsi a wurin aiki ba ko kuma ya yi rashin lafiya lokacin da ake damuwa laifinsa ne. Marion Sonnenmoser ya rubuta a Deutsches Ärzteblatt cewa: "Wannan hangen nesa yana haifar da wani ƙwazo kuma ya ƙi gaskiyar cewa akwai yanayin da mutum ba zai iya jurewa da shi ba kuma ba koyaushe yana yiwuwa ga kowa ba." Bayan haka, juriya a cikin mutane ya dogara da abubuwa da yawa waɗanda mutum ba zai iya rinjayar su ba. Yanayin zamantakewa, gogaggun rikice-rikice da rauni ko tsaro na kuɗi kaɗan ne daga cikinsu.
A cikin wannan mahallin, Werner Stangl yayi kashedin a cikin 'Online Encyclopedia for Psychology and Education' game da "psychology na matsalolin zamantakewa", saboda "maimakon karfafa aikin gama kai, an sanya mutane suyi imani cewa komai zai iya zama mafi kyau idan sun kasance masu juriya kawai. kansu."
A cikin magani, juriya yana nuna yiwuwar hanyoyin warkewa duk da sukar. A cikin 2018, Francesca Färber da Jenny Rosendahl daga Asibitin Jami'ar Jena sun gano a cikin babban binciken meta-nazari: "Mafi ƙarfin juriya a cikin cututtukan jiki, ƙarancin alamun damuwa na tunanin mutum wanda abin ya shafa ya nuna." Tare da wannan ilimin, marasa lafiya masu saukin kamuwa zasu iya a ba da niyya goyon baya na psychosocial da wuri a kan ba da tallafi. A cikin ilimin halitta, ra'ayoyin juriya suna taka rawa, misali dangane da bambancin halittu da sauyin yanayi. Misali, ana yin aiki a kan kiwo musamman tsire-tsire masu juriya da masu jurewa Tsarin halittu tsara.
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