Makasudin Gasar Austria: Babban Mafarki?

Jihar ta kafa buri. Amma shi ke nan. Domin kuwa duk da irin burin da jihar ke da shi na “cikakkiyar kariya ta muhalli” (1984) da “dorewa” (2013), ana bukatar bukatar canjin yanayi - kuma sau da kuma Kotun Tsarin Mulki.

A cikin juyin mulki, a cikin 2018 kuma a cikin shekara mai zuwa, an yi ƙoƙarin sabon burin ƙasa "wurin kasuwancin gasa" a cikin Ostiryia ya zama tsarin mulki. Dalilin wannan shine hukuncin Kotun Gudanarwa na Tarayya a cikin 2017, wanda ya ƙi aikace-aikacen Filin jirgin saman Vienna don titin jirgin sama na uku - saboda dalilan muhalli, tsakanin sauran abubuwa. Tare da wurin kasuwanci a cikin kundin tsarin mulki, wannan yana da fifiko - mai yiwuwa ya fi komai kyau. Godiya ga matsin lamba daga ƙungiyoyin jama'a na cikin gida, an soke shirin sabuwar ƙasar Austria.

Na uku hanya ce da aka ba da koren haske: yanzu an gama kammala ƙimar ingancin muhalli. Kuma ban da dabarun kare canjin yanayi da aka kasa a baya: mecece manufar jihar Austria?

Manufar jihohi a zahiri wajibi ne

A bikin da ya gabata labarin a kan hadin kai bayyani game da manufofin kasarshi na Austria ba za a manta dashi ba. Koyaya: Kodayake akan Intanet, bamu sami damar bincika abubuwan yanzu ba. Kafofin watsa labarai na Samarinda An aiko muku da daɗin fasahar fasaha mai ban sha'awa. Gaskiyar cewa wannan an ƙirƙira shi azaman ɗan littafin bayani don asalin manufar kasuwancin ƙasa wanda burin jihar bai kamata ya dame mu ba.

Bayanin da ke ciki sun fi ban sha'awa: “Aikin babban tsarin mulki ya takaita ne kawai wajen tabbatar da kungiyar nan da kuma 'yancin mutane a cikin jihar. Koyaya, wannan ra'ayi ya canza a cikin aiwatar da dokar kundin tsarin mulki a kusan dukkanin Turai tun daga 1970s. [...] Ikon ilimin kimiyya da kimiyya sun mayar da martani ga wannan ta hanyar aiwatar da ka'idodin ƙa'idoji na dokoki. Hakanan an nuna cewa haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam ba wai kawai suna kare mutane bane kawai ga jihar. Sun kuma wajabta wa jihar damar samar da tsarin da ya wajaba don aiwatar da waɗannan haƙƙoƙin. Manufofin jihohi suna bin doka da oda. Suna tilasta wa gungun jihar su aiwatar da wani yanayi."

Manufar jihar: babban haske ne?

Yanzu, a matsayinsa na dan birni mai hankali, za a iya tunanin cewa jihar da gwamnatin da aka zaba bisa tsarin dimokiradiyya suna bin manufofin da suka dace tare kuma da yin la’akari da su cikin aiki da dokoki.

Koyaya, gaskiyar tana nuna cewa hamayyar kawai ta Kotun tsarin mulki (VfGH) ya zama dole don fallasa wani sabani ga tsarin mulki. Abun da ya faru da alama yana tafe. Dossier na babbar majalisar wakilai ya gabatar da tambaya - dangane da dalilan manufofin jihohi: “Jihohi sune kawai 'yan wasa na cikin mutane da yawa. Wasu lokuta ana alakanta manyan kungiyoyi na kasa da kasa ko manyan kamfanoni na kasuwanci da karin iko da tasiri. Wannan ya haifar da tambaya game da menene ayyukan ƙasashe masu mulkin demokraɗiyya yakamata su yi."

Don haka idan manufofin jihar sune "sabbin" ayyuka na jihohin, me yasa aka kusan watsi dasu? Me yasa ake buƙatar jefa kuri'un mutane a cikin yanayi yayin da Austria ta ke da manufofin gwamnati biyu masu dacewa?

A kan wannan kuma kan batun titin jirgin sama na uku, halayen Directorate na Majalisar: “Kotunan dokokin jama'a sun yi aiki sau da yawa tare da burin ƙasa na cikakken kiyaye muhalli da dorewa a cikin shari'arsu ta baya. A hukuncin da ta yanke kan titin jirgi na uku a Filin Jirgin Sama na Vienna, Kotun Tsarin Mulki ta yi magana kai tsaye ga tsohuwar al'adar ta ta amfani da Dokar Tsarin Mulki ta Tarayya kan Kare Muhalli (BVG) don yin bitar dokoki da ƙa'idodi. "

Kuma gaba: "VfGH ya jaddada cewa cikakken fifiko ga bukatun kare muhalli sama da sauran ka'idoji na yanke hukunci, wanda dole ne gwaminati ta yi la’akari da ita, ba za a samu daga wannan manufar ta jihar ba. A cewar dokar tsarin mulki, duk da haka, yakamata a haɗa da cikakkiyar kariya ta muhalli yayin fassara abubuwan da za a kiyaye su a ƙarƙashin Dokar Haɗin jirgin sama (LFG). Hakanan, dole ne a yi wannan tare da ɗaukar nauyin waɗannan sha'awar na gaba. Koyaya, wannan haɗaɗɗun ba zai iya faɗaɗa waɗancan sha'awar waɗanda dole ne a kiyaye su a ƙarƙashin LFG ba. Wancan shine ɗayan dalilan da yasa VfGH ta soke hukuncin Kotun Gudanarwa ta Tarayya ta ƙi amincewa da tsarin titin na uku saboda dalilan kare canjin yanayi. ”

INFO: Manufar jihar a Austria
Daidaitawar kulawa ga nakasassu - Art 7 para 1 B-VG 1997
Daidaita jiyya ga maza da mata - Art 7 para 2 B-VG 1998
Kariya daga kabilu - Art 8 para 2 B-VG 2000
M tsaro na kasa - Art 9a B-VG 1975
Daidaita ma'anar tattalin arziki - Art 13 para 2 B-VG 1987
Daidaituwa tsakanin maza da mata a cikin tsarin kasafin kudi na gwamnatin tarayya, jihohi da kuma gundumomi - Art 13 para 3 B-VG 2009
Hadin gwiwar zamantakewa - Art 120a para 2 B-VG 2008
samuwar - Art 17 StGG 1867, BGBl 210/1958
Dorewa tsaka tsaki - BVG na Oktoba 26, 1955
Haramta sake daukar aikin gurguzu na kasa - BGBl 152/1955
Watsa shirye-shirye azaman aikin jama'a - Art 1 BVG Rundfunk 1974
M cikakkiyar kariya ta muhalli - BVG 1984-2013
dorewa - ability 1 BVG dorewa 2013
jindadin dabba - ability 2 BVG dorewa 2013
Tabbatar da ruwa da kayan abinci - ability 4 da 5 BVG dorewa 2013
bincike - ability 6 BVG dorewa 2013
Source: Directorate na Palaces

Shin binciken zai dace da shi: "Kuna da ra'ayin cewa siyasar Austriya tana ƙoƙarin cimma burin jihar Austriya ta hanyar aikinta?" Misali: Austria ta ceci jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu na kamfanin AUA yayin rikicin Corona.

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