Julia Schumacher
Dear readers,
The following text deals with human rights. First about their origin and history, then the 30 articles are listed and lastly examples of human rights violations were presented.
Eleanor Roosevelt, who was chairman of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, proclaimed the 'Universal Declaration of Human Rights' on December 10.12.1948, 200. This applies to all people in the world in order to enable them to live a life without fear and horror. In addition, it should be the common ideal of peoples and nations to be achieved. The aim was to create a legal declaration that represents the minimum human value. These are the first rights to apply to all people in the world and have been translated into over 1966 languages since it was published. It is therefore the most translated text in the world. The states pledged to respect the rights, but there was no control, as no treaty had been signed. Since these rights are only ideal, there are still countries today that do not respect human rights. Common problems include racism, sexism, torture and the death penalty. Since 2002, many nations have decided to sign social rights and civil liberties by contract. In XNUMX the international criminal court was opened in The Hague.
When asked where human rights begin, Roosevelt answered as follows: "In the small squares near your own home. So close and so small that these places cannot be found on any map in the world. And yet these places are the world of the individual: the neighborhood in which he lives, the school or university he attends, the factory, the farm or the office in which he works. These are the places where every man, woman and child seeks equal rights, equal opportunities and equal dignity without discrimination. As long as these rights do not apply there, they are of no importance anywhere else. If the citizens concerned do not take action themselves to protect these rights in their personal environment, we will look in vain for progress in the wider world. "
There are 30 articles in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Article 1: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights
Article 2: Nobody may be discriminated against
Article 3: Everyone has the right to life
Article 4: No Slavery
Article 5: Nobody may be tortured
Article 6: Everyone is recognized as a legal person everywhere
Article 7: All people are equal before the law
Article 8: Right to legal protection
Article 9: Nobody may be arbitrarily detained
Article 10: Everyone has the right to a fine, fair trial
Article 11: Everyone is innocent unless proven otherwise
Article 12: Everyone has a right to a private life
Article 13: Everyone can move freely
Article 14: Right to Asylum
Article 15: Everyone has the right to a nationality
Article 16: The right to get married and to have a family
Article 17: Everyone has the right to property
Article 18: Right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion
Article 19: Right to freedom of expression
Article 20: Right to peaceful assembly
Article 21: Right to democracy and free elections
Article 22: Right to social security
Article 23: Right to work and protection of workers
Article 24: Right to rest and leisure
Article 25: Right to food, shelter and medical care
Article 26: Everyone has the right to education
Article 27: Culture and Copyright
Article 28: Just social and international order
Article 29: We all have a responsibility to others
Article 30: Nobody can take away your human rights
Few of the many examples of human rights violations:
The death penalty is still practiced in 61 countries around the world. In China, several thousand people are executed every year. Iran, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and the USA follow.
State security forces are often tasked with or even carried out torture methods. Torture means doing something against the will of the victim.
In Iran, after the presidential election, there were large demonstrations several times for weeks at which the citizens demanded a new election. During the demonstrations, many people were killed or arrested by the security forces for crimes against national security, conspiracy against the ruling system and rioting.
Journalists, lawyers and civil rights activists are being persecuted in China. These are monitored and arrested.
North Korea persecutes and tortures system critics. These are malnourished in the internment camps and forced to work hard, resulting in multiple deaths.
The rights of opinion and civil rights are sometimes not respected in Turkey. In addition, 39% of women are victims of physical violence at least once in their life. Of these, 15% were sexually abused. Religious minorities are also partially excluded from human rights.
Sources: (Access date: October 20.10.2020, XNUMX)
https://www.menschenrechte.jugendnetz.de/menschenrechte/artikel-1-30/artikel-1/
https://www.lpb-bw.de/verletzungen
Photo / Video: Shutterstock.
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